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Quality Manchester

Толкование Перевод

1 QM

1) Общая лексика: quantity maximum

2) Компьютерная техника: Queue Mutant

3) Медицина: 1 раз в месяц

4) Американизм: Qualified Majority

5) Военный термин: Quit Moving, quality memorandum

6) Техника: Quarter Master, quadratic mean, quadrature modulation, quantameter, quark model

7) Математика: среднеквадратическое значение (quadratic mean)

8) Сокращение: Quarter Month, QuarterMaster, Quartermaster (UK)

9) Физиология: Every morning

10) Фирменный знак: Quality Manchester

11) СМИ: Quality Music

12) Деловая лексика: Quality Management, Quality Manufacturability, Questionable Managing

13) Образование: Questions Of Meaning

14) Сетевые технологии: Query Manager

15) Должность: Quality Manager, Quantum Mechanics

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > QM
2 qm

1) Общая лексика: quantity maximum

2) Компьютерная техника: Queue Mutant

3) Медицина: 1 раз в месяц

4) Американизм: Qualified Majority

5) Военный термин: Quit Moving, quality memorandum

6) Техника: Quarter Master, quadratic mean, quadrature modulation, quantameter, quark model

7) Математика: среднеквадратическое значение (quadratic mean)

8) Сокращение: Quarter Month, QuarterMaster, Quartermaster (UK)

9) Физиология: Every morning

10) Фирменный знак: Quality Manchester

11) СМИ: Quality Music

12) Деловая лексика: Quality Management, Quality Manufacturability, Questionable Managing

13) Образование: Questions Of Meaning

14) Сетевые технологии: Query Manager

15) Должность: Quality Manager, Quantum Mechanics

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > qm
3 Kennedy, John

SUBJECT AREA: Textiles

[br]

b. 4 July 1769 Knocknalling, Kirkcudbrightshire, Scotland

d. 30 October 1855 Ardwick Hall, Manchester, England

[br]

Scottish cotton spinner and textile machine maker.

[br]

Kennedy was the third son of his father, Robert, and went to the village school in Dalry. On his father's death, he was sent at the age of 14 to Chowbent, Lancashire, where he was apprenticed to William Cannan, a maker of textile machines such as carding frames, Hargreaves's jennies and Arkwright's waterframes. On completion of his apprenticeship in 1791, he moved to Manchester and entered into partnership with Benjamin and William Sandford and James M'Connel, textile machine makers and mule spinners. In 1795 this partnership was terminated and one was made with James M'Connel to form the firm M'Connel \& Kennedy, cotton spinners.

Kennedy introduced improvements for spinning fine yarns and the firm of M'Connel \& Kennedy became famous for the quality of these products, which were in great demand. He made the spindles turn faster during the second part of the mule carriage's outward draw, and from 1793 onwards he experimented with driving mules by steam engines. Like William Kelly at New Lanark, he succeeded in making the spinning sequences power-operated by 1800, although the spinner had to take over the winding on. This made the mule into a factory machine, but it still required skilled operators. He was also involved with Henry Houldsworth, Junior, in the improvement of the roving frame. In 1803 Kennedy joined the Manchester Literary \& Philosophical Society, to which he presented several papers, including one in 1830 on "A memoir of Samuel Crompton". He retired from the spinning business in 1826, but continued his technical and mechanical pursuits. He was consulted about whether the Liverpool \& Manchester Railway should have moving or stationary steam engines and was an umpire at the Rainhill Trials in 1829.

[br]

Further Reading

Dictionary of National Biography.

W.Fairbairn, obituary, Manchester Memoirs, Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society.

C.H.Lee, 1972, A Cotton Enterprise 1795–1840. A History of M'Connel \& Kennedy, Fine

Cotton Spinners, Manchester (an account of Kennedy's spinning business). R.L.Hills, 1970, Power in the Industrial Revolution, Manchester (provides details of Kennedy's inventions on the mule).

RLH

Biographical history of technology > Kennedy, John
4 good

1. n

1) добро, благо

2) польза

3) pl товар, товары; изделия

4) pl груз; багаж

- abandoned goods
- acceptable goods
- advertised goods
- afloat goods
- agricultural goods
- assorted goods
- auction goods
- back-to-school goods
- bale goods
- baled goods
- barter goods
- basic goods
- bonded goods
- branded goods
- bulk goods
- bulky goods
- bundle goods
- bundled goods
- canned goods
- capital goods
- cased goods
- choice goods
- commercial goods
- competitive goods
- competitively priced goods
- complementary goods
- consignment goods
- consumable goods
- consumer goods
- consumption goods
- contraband goods
- contract goods
- convenience goods
- cotton goods
- covered goods
- crated goods
- critical goods
- cultural and household goods
- custom made goods
- cut-price goods
- damaged goods
- damaging goods
- dangerous goods
- defective goods
- defence goods
- delayed goods
- deliverable goods
- delivered goods
- diplomatic goods
- dispatched goods
- distressed goods
- domestic goods
- dry goods
- durable goods
- duty-free goods
- easy-to-sell goods
- economic good
- eligible goods
- essential goods
- ethical goods
- exchange goods
- exchangeable goods
- exhibition goods
- explosive goods
- export goods
- exported goods
- express goods
- factored goods
- fair goods
- fancy goods
- farm goods
- fashion goods
- fast-moving goods
- fast-selling goods
- faulty goods
- final goods
- finished goods
- first class goods
- first order goods
- fixed price goods
- foreign goods
- foreign-made goods
- fragile goods
- free goods
- frozen goods
- gift goods
- groupage goods
- half-finished goods
- hard goods
- hazardous goods
- heavy goods
- heavyweight goods
- high-grade goods
- high-priced goods
- high-quality goods
- high-technology goods
- home-made goods
- household goods
- import goods
- imported goods
- impulse goods
- inbound goods
- incoming goods
- indestructible goods
- industrial goods
- industrialized goods
- inferior goods
- inflammable goods
- insured goods
- intermediate goods
- internationally tradeable goods
- investment goods
- inward goods
- labour-intensive goods
- large-scale goods
- late goods
- light goods
- liquid goods
- long-lived goods
- loose goods
- low-grade goods
- low-price goods
- low value added primary goods
- luxury goods
- Manchester goods
- manufactured goods
- marked goods
- marked-down goods
- marketable goods
- mass production goods
- measurement goods
- merchant goods
- miscellaneous goods
- missing goods
- new goods
- nondurable goods
- noncompetitive goods
- nonconforming goods
- nonfood goods
- nonessential goods
- nonhazardous goods
- nonsensitive goods
- nontraditional good
- novelty goods
- off-guage goods
- official goods
- ordered goods
- outbound goods
- outgoing goods
- out of time goods
- output goods
- outward goods
- over-dimensioned goods
- over-priced goods
- oversized goods
- packaged goods
- packed goods
- packed-up goods
- packeted goods
- palleted goods
- palletised goods
- parcel goods
- parity goods
- past due goods
- patent goods
- perishable goods
- perishing goods
- piece goods
- pledged goods
- point-of-purchase goods
- popular goods
- prepackaged goods
- prepacked goods
- prestige goods
- price-maintained goods
- primary goods
- private goods
- processed goods
- producer durable goods
- producer's goods
- production goods
- professional goods
- prohibited goods
- protected goods
- proprietary goods
- public good
- public goods
- quality goods
- quota goods
- realized goods
- received goods
- received for shipment goods
- reexport goods
- reexported goods
- refrigerated goods
- rejected goods
- remote goods
- repaired goods
- replaced goods
- reproducible goods
- retail goods
- return goods
- sale goods
- salvaged goods
- saved goods
- scarce goods
- seasonal goods
- secondhand goods
- secondrate good
- selected goods
- semidurable goods
- semifinished goods
- semimanufactured goods
- serially produced goods
- shipped goods
- shopping goods
- short-delivered goods
- short-shipped goods
- similar goods
- slow-moving goods
- soft goods
- sold goods
- sophisticated goods
- specialty goods
- spoiled goods
- spot goods
- spring goods
- stacked goods
- standardized goods
- staple goods
- storage goods
- store goods
- stranded goods
- strategic goods
- substandard goods
- substitutional goods
- superior goods
- surplus goods
- technical consumer goods
- textile goods
- top-quality goods
- tradeable goods
- trademarked goods
- traditional export goods
- transit goods
- transportable goods
- truck-packaged goods
- unaccepted goods
- unaddressed goods
- unbonded goods
- unclaimed goods
- uncovered goods
- undamaged goods
- undeclared goods
- undelivered goods
- unfinished goods
- uninsured goods
- unmarketable goods
- unmerchantable goods
- unordered goods
- unpacked goods
- unprotected goods
- unsaleable goods
- unshipped goods
- unsold goods
- unwrapped goods
- utility goods
- varied goods
- wage goods
- warehouse goods
- weight goods
- wet goods
- goods for bulk shipment
- goods for immediate delivery
- goods from stock
- goods in bales
- goods in bond
- goods in bulk
- goods in grain form
- goods in powder form
- goods in process
- goods in short supply
- goods in stock
- goods in store
- goods in transit
- goods of the best brands
- goods of damaging nature
- goods of dangerous character
- goods of equal value
- goods of equal worth
- goods of first priority
- goods of foreign make
- goods of foreign origin
- goods of high quality
- goods of inferior quality
- goods of inflammable nature
- goods of low quality
- goods of poor quality
- goods of prime necessity
- goods of sound quality
- goods of superior quality
- goods of top quality
- goods on consignment
- goods on hand
- goods out of season
- goods under arrest
- goods under customs bond
- goods under customs seal
- goods intended for shipment
- goods light in weight
- goods subject to deterioration
- accept goods
- accept goods for carriage
- advertise goods
- buy goods
- carry goods
- charge goods in an invoice
- claim goods
- clear goods
- collect goods
- consign goods
- convey goods
- declare goods
- declare goods waste
- delay goods
- deliver goods
- deliver goods at the disposal of smb
- deliver goods on sale or return
- demonstrate goods
- detain goods
- discharge goods
- dispatch goods
- dispose of goods
- distribute goods
- effect transhipment of goods
- enter goods for customs clearing
- enter goods for home consumption
- examine goods
- exchange goods
- exhibit goods
- export goods
- feature goods
- forward goods
- furnish with goods
- grade goods
- handle goods
- hand over goods
- have goods on trial
- hold goods in store
- import goods
- inspect goods
- insure goods
- introduce goods
- investigate goods
- invoice goods
- keep goods
- keep goods in stock
- land goods
- launch goods
- load goods
- make goods
- make goods ready for shipment
- make goods upon order
- make up goods
- manufacture goods
- mark goods
- mortgage goods
- move goods to the market
- need goods
- obtain goods
- obtain goods free of tax
- obtain possession of goods
- offer goods
- off-load goods
- order goods
- pack goods
- palletise goods
- pay for goods
- pick up goods
- place goods at the disposal of smb
- place goods on the market
- pledge goods with a bank
- present goods
- press goods on smb
- price goods
- produce goods
- protect goods
- provide goods
- purchase goods
- push goods
- put goods on the market
- readdress goods
- recall goods
- receive goods
- reconsign goods
- reject goods
- redeem pledged goods
- reexport goods
- release goods
- reload goods
- remove goods
- render goods marketable
- require goods
- resell goods
- retain goods
- return goods
- safeguard goods
- salvage goods
- search for goods
- secure goods
- sell goods
- sell goods retail
- sell goods wholesale
- sell out goods
- send goods on consignment
- ship goods
- show goods to advantage
- stack goods
- stock goods
- store goods
- submit goods to a careful examination
- supply goods
- survey goods
- tag goods
- take goods
- take goods on commission
- take goods on sale
- take goods out of pledge
- take stock of goods
- tally goods
- test goods
- throw goods on the market
- trace goods
- trade in goods
- transfer goods
- transfer goods to a warehouse
- tranship goods
- transport goods
- turn out goods
- turn goods over to smb
- unload goods
- value goods
- warehouse goods
- withdraw goods from the market
- withdraw goods from a warehouse
2. adj

1) хороший, годный

2) доброкачественный

3) надежный; кредитоспособный

4) добросовестный

- good faith
- good this month
- good this week
- good through
- good till cancelled

English-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > good
5 approach

1. intransitive verb
(in space) sich nähern; näher kommen; [Sturm usw.:] aufziehen; (in time) nahen

the train now approaching platform 1 — der auf Gleis 1 einfahrende Zug

the time is fast approaching when you will have to... — es wird nicht mehr lange dauern und du musst...
2. transitive verb
1) (come near to) sich nähern (+ Dat.); (set about) herangehen an (+ Akk.); angehen [Problem, Aufgabe, Thema]

2) (be similar to) verwandt sein (+ Dat.)

3) (approximate to) nahe kommen (+ Dat.)

the temperature/weight approaches 100 °C/50 kg — die Temperatur/das Gewicht beträgt nahezu 100 °C/50 kg

4) (appeal to) sich wenden an (+ Akk.)
3. noun
1) [Heran]nahen, das; (treatment) Ansatz, der (to zu); (attitude) Einstellung, die (to gegenüber)

2) (appeal) Herantreten, das (to an + Akk.)

make an approach to somebody concerning something — sich wegen etwas an jemanden wenden

3) (advance) Annäherungsversuche

make approaches to somebody — Annäherungsversuche bei jemandem machen

4) (access) Zugang, der; (road) Zufahrtsstraße, die; (fig.) Zugang, der

5) (Aeronaut.) Landeanflug, der; Approach, der

* * *
[ə'prəu ] 1. verb
(to come near (to): The car approached (the traffic lights) at top speed; Christmas is approaching.) sich nähern
2. noun
1) (the act of coming near: The boys ran off at the approach of a policeman.) das Herannahen

2) (a road, path etc leading to a place: All the approaches to the village were blocked by fallen rock.) der Zugang

3) (an attempt to obtain or attract a person's help, interest etc: They have made an approach to the government for help; That fellow makes approaches to (= he tries to become friendly with) every woman he meets.) die Annäherungsversuche

•

- academic.ru/3291/approachable">approachable
- approaching
* * *

ap·proach

[əˈprəʊtʃ, AM -ˈproʊ-]

I. vt

1. (come closer)

▪ to \approach sb/sth sich akk jdm/etw nähern; (come towards) auf jdn/etw zukommen

you can only \approach this area by air dieses Gebiet kann man nur auf dem Luftweg erreichen

2. (of amount, time)

▪ to \approach sth:

the total amount is \approaching $1000 die Gesamtsumme nähert sich der 1000-Dollar-Marke

my grandfather is \approaching 80 mein Großvater wird bald 80

it's \approaching lunchtime es geht auf Mittag zu

3. (of quality)

▪ to \approach sb/sth an jdn/etw heranreichen

the service here doesn't even \approach a decent standard der Service hier ist unter allem Standard

4. (ask)

▪ to \approach sb an jdn herantreten

she hasn't \approached him about it yet sie hat ihn noch nicht deswegen angesprochen

▪ to \approach sb for sth jdn um etw akk bitten

5. (handle)

▪ to \approach sth etw in Angriff nehmen

II. vi sich akk nähern

III. n

1. (coming) Nähern nt kein pl

\approach of dusk Einbruch m der Dämmerung

at the \approach of winter... wenn der Winter naht,...

2. (preparation to land) [Lande]anflug m

3. (access) Zugang m

the southern \approaches to Manchester die südlichen Zufahrtsstraßen nach Manchester

the \approaches to this island... die Seewege zu dieser Insel...

\approach road Zufahrtsstraße f

4. (appeal) Herantreten nt

to make an \approach to sb an jdn herantreten

5. (proposal) Vorstoß m

to make an \approach to sb sich akk an jdn wenden

6. usu pl ( dated: sexual advance) Annäherungsversuch m

to make \approaches to sb bei jdm Annäherungsversuche machen

7. (methodology) Ansatz m

8. ( fig)

that was the closest \approach to an apology that you'll ever get! mehr als das wirst du als Entschuldigung nie [zu hören] bekommen

* * *
[ə'prəʊtʃ]
1. vi
(physically) sich nähern, näher kommen; (date, summer etc) nahen
2. vt

1) (= come near) sich nähern (+dat); (AVIAT) anfliegen; (in figures, temperature, time) zugehen auf (+acc), sich nähern (+dat); (in quality, stature) herankommen an (+acc); (fig) heranreichen an (+acc)

to approach thirty — auf die dreißig zugehen

to approach adolescence/manhood — ins Pubertätsalter/Mannesalter kommen

the train is now approaching platform 3 — der Zug hat Einfahrt auf Gleis 3

something approaching a festive atmosphere — eine annähernd festliche Stimmung

2) (= make an approach to) person, committee, organization herantreten an (+acc) (about wegen), angehen (about um), ansprechen (about wegen, auf +acc hin)

I haven't approached him yet — ich habe ihn daraufhin noch nicht angesprochen, ich bin damit noch nicht an ihn herangetreten

he is easy/difficult to approach — er ist leicht/nicht leicht ansprechbar

3) (= tackle) question, problem, task angehen, herangehen an (+acc), anpacken

3. n

1) (= drawing near) (Heran)nahen nt; (of troops) Heranrücken nt; (of night) Einbruch m; (AVIAT) Anflug m (to an +acc)

at the approach of Easter — als das Osterfest nahte/wenn das Osterfest naht

2) (to person, committee, organization) Herantreten nt

to make approaches/an approach to sb (with request) — an jdn herantreten; (man to woman) Annäherungsversuche machen

3) (= way of tackling, attitude) Ansatz m (to zu)

a positive approach to mathematics/teaching — eine positive Einstellung zu Mathematik/zum Unterrichten

his approach to the problem — seine Art or Methode, an das Problem heranzugehen, sein Problemansatz

you've chosen the wrong approach — du gehst die Sache falsch an

try a different approach —

new approaches in psychology — neue Ansätze in der Psychologie

4) (= access) Zugang m, Weg m; (= road) Zufahrt(sstraße) f

5) (= approximation) Annäherung f (to an +acc)

* * *

approach [əˈprəʊtʃ]

A v/i

1. sich nähern, näherkommen, herannahen, -rücken, nahen

2. fig (to) nahekommen, ähnlich oder fast gleich sein (dat), grenzen (an akk)

3. Golf: einen Annäherungsschlag machen

B v/t

1. sich nähern (dat):

approach the city;

approach the end;

approach a limit MATH sich einem Grenzwert nähern

2. FLUG anfliegen

3. fig nahekommen (dat), (fast) erreichen:

approach a certain standard;

he’s approaching 60 er geht auf die 60 zu

4. herangehen an (akk), eine Aufgabe etc anpacken

5. a) an jemanden herantreten, sich an jemanden wenden:

approach sb about ( oder on) jemanden auf (akk) … hin ansprechen;

approach sb for a loan jemanden um ein Darlehen bitten oder angehen

b) besonders pej sich an ein Mädchen etc heranmachen

6. zu sprechen kommen auf (akk), ein Thema etc anschneiden

7. näher bringen, (an)nähern

C s

1. (Heran)Nahen n (auch eines Zeitpunkts), (Her)Anrücken n, Annäherung f, Anmarsch m ( auch MIL), FLUG Anflug m:

the approach of winter der herannahende Winter;

approach flight Zielanflug m;

approach lights pl Anflugbefeuerung f;

approach path Anflugweg m;

approach (shot) (Golf) Annäherungsschlag m

2. a) Zugang m, Ein-, Zu-, Auffahrt f

b) auch approach road Zufahrtsstraße f

3. fig Annäherung f (to an akk), Nahekommen n:

a fair approach to accuracy ziemliche Genauigkeit;

an approach to truth annähernd die Wahrheit

4. Ähnlichkeit f (to mit):

an approach to a smile der Versuch eines Lächelns

5. pl MIL

a) Laufgräben pl

b) Vormarschstraße f

6. fig erster Schritt (to zu)

7. meist pl fig Annäherung f, Herantreten n ( beide:

to sb an jemanden):

approaches Annäherungsversuch(e) m(pl);

make approaches to sb an jemanden herantreten, sich an jemanden wenden ( beide:

concerning wegen)

8. auch method ( oder line) of approach (to)

a) Art f und Weise f (etwas) anzupacken, Methode f, Verfahren n:

a new approach is made to the problem das Problem wird neu angegangen;

have a scientific approach to sth etwas wissenschaftlich angehen

b) Auffassung f (gen), Betrachtungsweise f (gen), Einstellung f (zu), Verhalten n (gegenüber):

have a wrong approach to sth eine falsche Einstellung zu etwas haben

c) Behandlung f (eines Themas etc)

d) PHIL etc Ansatz m

9. fig (to) Einführung f (in akk), Weg m, Zugang m (zu)

* * *
1. intransitive verb
(in space) sich nähern; näher kommen; [Sturm usw.:] aufziehen; (in time) nahen

the train now approaching platform 1 — der auf Gleis 1 einfahrende Zug

the time is fast approaching when you will have to... — es wird nicht mehr lange dauern und du musst...
2. transitive verb
1) (come near to) sich nähern (+ Dat.); (set about) herangehen an (+ Akk.); angehen [Problem, Aufgabe, Thema]

2) (be similar to) verwandt sein (+ Dat.)

3) (approximate to) nahe kommen (+ Dat.)

the temperature/weight approaches 100 °C/50 kg — die Temperatur/das Gewicht beträgt nahezu 100 °C/50 kg

4) (appeal to) sich wenden an (+ Akk.)
3. noun
1) [Heran]nahen, das; (treatment) Ansatz, der (to zu); (attitude) Einstellung, die (to gegenüber)

2) (appeal) Herantreten, das (to an + Akk.)

make an approach to somebody concerning something — sich wegen etwas an jemanden wenden

3) (advance) Annäherungsversuche

make approaches to somebody — Annäherungsversuche bei jemandem machen

4) (access) Zugang, der; (road) Zufahrtsstraße, die; (fig.) Zugang, der

5) (Aeronaut.) Landeanflug, der; Approach, der

* * *

(to) n.

Betrachtungsweise f. n.

(§ pl.: approaches)

= Annäherung f.

Ansatz -e m.

Einführung f.

Einstellung f.

Haltung -en f.

Herannahen n.

Lösungsvorschlag m.

Näherung -en f.

Stellungnahme (zu) f.

Verfahrensweise f.

Versuch -e m.

Zugang -¨e m.

Zutritt -e m.

erster Schritt (zu) m. (to ask for sth.) v.

bitten v.

(§ p.,pp.: bat, gebeten)

jemanden angehen ausdr.

sich an jemanden wenden (um, wegen) ausdr. (a topic, etc.) v.

auf etwas zu sprechen kommen ausdr. (aeronautic) v.

sich anfliegen (Luftfahrt) v. v.

annähern v.

bevorstehen v.

einfliegen v.

herannahen v.

nahekommen v.

nahen v.

sich nähern v.

ähnlich sein ausdr.

English-german dictionary > approach
6 to

1.
[before vowel tʊ, before consonant tə, stressed tuː] preposition

1) (in the direction of and reaching) zu; (with name of place) nach

go to work/to the theatre — zur Arbeit/ins Theater gehen

to Paris/France — nach Paris/Frankreich

go from town to town — von Stadt zu Stadt ziehen

throw the ball to me — wirf mir den Ball zu

2) (towards a condition or quality) zu

appoint somebody to a post — jemanden auf einen Posten berufen

3) (as far as) bis zu

from London to Edinburgh — von London [bis] nach Edinburgh

increase from 10 % to 20 % — von 10 % auf 20 % steigen

4) (next to, facing)

with one's back to the wall — mit dem Rücken zur Wand

5) (implying comparison, ratio, etc.)

[compared] to — verglichen mit; im Vergleich zu

3 is to 4 as 6 is to 8 — 3 verhält sich zu 4 wie 6 zu 8

it's ten to one he does something — die Chancen stehen zehn zu eins, dass er etwas tut

6) introducing relationship or indirect object

to somebody/something — jemandem/einer Sache (Dat.)

lend/explain etc. something to somebody — jemandem etwas leihen/erklären usw.

speak to somebody — mit jemandem sprechen

relate to something — sich auf etwas (Akk.) beziehen

to me — (in my opinion) meiner Meinung nach

secretary to the Minister — Sekretär des Ministers

a room to oneself — ein eigenes Zimmer

get four apples to the pound — vier Äpfel je Pfund bekommen

that's all there is to it — mehr ist dazu nicht zu sagen

what's that to you? — was geht das dich an?

7) (until) bis

to the end — bis zum Ende

to this day — bis heute

five [minutes] to eight — fünf [Minuten] vor acht

8) with infinitive of a verb zu; expressing purpose, or after academic.ru/75540/too">too um [...] zu

want to know — wissen wollen

do something to annoy somebody — etwas tun, um jemanden zu ärgern

too young to marry — zu jung, um zu heiraten; zu jung zum Heiraten

too hot to drink — zu heiß zum Trinken

to rebel is pointless — es ist sinnlos zu rebellieren

he woke to find himself in a strange room — er erwachte und fand sich in einem fremden Zimmer wieder

to use a technical term — um einen Fachausdruck zu gebrauchen

9) as substitute for infinitive

he would have phoned but forgot to — er hätte angerufen, aber er vergaß es

she didn't want to go there, but she had to — sie wollte nicht hingehen, aber sie musste
2.
[tuː] adverb

1) (just not shut)

be to — [Tür, Fenster:] angelehnt sein

push a door to — eine Tür anlehnen

2)

to and fro — hin und her

* * *
1. [tə,tu] preposition
1) (towards; in the direction of: I cycled to the station; The book fell to the floor; I went to the concert/lecture/play.) zu, auf

2) (as far as: His story is a lie from beginning to end.) bis

3) (until: Did you stay to the end of the concert?) bis

4) (sometimes used to introduce the indirect object of a verb: He sent it to us; You're the only person I can talk to.) zu, mit

5) (used in expressing various relations: Listen to me!; Did you reply to his letter?; Where's the key to this door?; He sang to (the accompaniment of) his guitar.) zu, für

6) (into a particular state or condition: She tore the letter to pieces.) in

7) (used in expressing comparison or proportion: He's junior to me; Your skill is superior to mine; We won the match by 5 goals to 2.) gegenüber, zu

8) (showing the purpose or result of an action etc: He came quickly to my assistance; To my horror, he took a gun out of his pocket.) zu

9) ([tə] used before an infinitive eg after various verbs and adjectives, or in other constructions: I want to go!; He asked me to come; He worked hard to (= in order to) earn a lot of money; These buildings were designed to (= so as to) resist earthquakes; She opened her eyes to find him standing beside her; I arrived too late to see him.) zu, um zu

10) (used instead of a complete infinitive: He asked her to stay but she didn't want to.) zu
2. [tu:] adverb
1) (into a closed or almost closed position: He pulled/pushed the door to.) zu

2) (used in phrasal verbs and compounds: He came to (= regained consciousness).) zu sich, dran

•

- to and fro

* * *

to

[tu:, tu, tə]

I. PREPOSITION

1. (moving towards) in + akk

, nach + dat

, zu + dat

she walked over \to the window sie ging [hinüber] zum Fenster [o ans Fenster]

we're going \to town wir gehen/fahren in die Stadt

they go \to work on the bus sie fahren mit dem Bus zur Arbeit

I'm going \to a party/concert ich gehe auf eine Party/ein Konzert

she has to go \to a meeting now sie muss jetzt zu einem Meeting [gehen]

we moved \to Germany last year wir sind letztes Jahr nach Deutschland gezogen

he flew \to the US er flog in die USA

she's never been \to Mexico before sie ist noch nie [zuvor] in Mexiko gewesen

my first visit \to Africa mein erster Aufenthalt in Afrika

this is a road \to nowhere! diese Straße führt nirgendwohin!

parallel \to the x axis parallel zur x-Achse

from here \to the station von hier [bis] zum Bahnhof

on the way \to the mountains/the sea/the town centre auf dem Weg in die Berge/zum Meer/ins [o zum] Stadtzentrum

\to the north/south nördlich/südlich

twenty miles \to the north of the city zwanzig Meilen nördlich der Stadt

the suburbs are \to the west of the city die Vororte liegen im Westen der Stadt

from place \to place von Ort zu Ort

\to the right/left nach rechts/links

there \to the right dort rechts

he's standing \to the left of Adrian er steht links neben Adrian

2. (attending regularly) zu + dat

, in + dat

she goes \to kindergarten sie geht in den Kindergarten

he goes \to university er geht auf die Universität

do you go \to church? gehst du in die Kirche?

I go \to the gym twice a week ich gehe zweimal wöchentlich zum Fitness

3. (inviting to) zu + dat

an invitation \to a wedding eine Einladung zu einer Hochzeit

I've asked them \to dinner ich habe sie zum Essen eingeladen

she took me out \to lunch yesterday sie hat mich gestern zum Mittagessen ausgeführt [o eingeladen

4. (in direction of) auf + akk

she pointed \to a distant spot on the horizon sie zeigte auf einen fernen Punkt am Horizont

to have one's back \to sth/sb etw/jdm den Rücken zudrehen

back \to front verkehrt herum

5. (in contact with) an + dat

they were dancing cheek \to cheek sie tanzten Wange an Wange

she put her hand \to his breast sie legte die Hand auf seine Brust

she clasped the letter \to her bosom sie drückte den Brief an ihre Brust

6. (attached to) an + akk

tie the lead \to the fence mach die Leine am Zaun fest

they fixed the bookshelves \to the wall sie brachten die Bücherregale an der Wand an

stick the ads \to some paper klebe die Anzeigen auf ein Blatt Papier

7. (with indirect object)

▪ \to sb/sth jdm/etw dat

I lent my bike \to my brother ich habe meinem Bruder mein Fahrrad geliehen

give that gun \to me gib mir das Gewehr

children are often cruel \to each other Kinder sind oft grausam zueinander

who's the letter addressed \to? an wen ist der Brief adressiert?

what have they done \to you? was haben sie dir [an]getan?

her knowledge proved useful \to him ihr Wissen erwies sich als hilfreich für ihn

they made a complaint \to the manager sie reichten beim Geschäftsleiter eine Beschwerde ein

a threat \to world peace eine Bedrohung des Weltfriedens [o für den Weltfrieden]

to be grateful \to sb jdm dankbar sein

to be married \to sb mit jdm verheiratet sein

to tell/show sth \to sb jdm etw erzählen/zeigen

8. (with respect to) zu + dat

and what did you say \to that? und was hast du dazu gesagt?

he finally confessed \to the crime er gestand schließlich das Verbrechen

this is essential \to our strategy dies ist ein wesentlicher Bestandteil unserer Strategie

9. (in response) auf + akk

a reference \to Psalm 22:18 ein Verweis auf Psalm 22:18

her reply \to the question ihre Antwort auf die Frage

and what was her response \to that? und wie lautete ihr Antwort darauf?

10. (belonging to) zu + dat

the keys \to his car seine Autoschlüssel

the top \to this pen die Kappe, die auf diesen Stift gehört

she has a mean side \to her sie kann auch sehr gemein sein

there is a very moral tone \to this book dieses Buch hat einen sehr moralischen Unterton

there's a funny side \to everything alles hat auch seine komische Seite

11. (compared to) mit + dat

I prefer beef \to seafood ich ziehe Rindfleisch Meeresfrüchten vor

she looked about thirty \to his sixty neben ihm mit seinen sechzig Jahren wirkte sie wie dreißig

to be comparable \to sth mit etw dat vergleichbar sein

[to be] nothing \to sth nichts im Vergleich zu etw dat [sein]

her wage is nothing \to what she could earn ihr Einkommen steht in keinem Vergleich zu dem, was sie verdienen könnte

to be superior \to sb jdm übergeordnet sein, höher stehen als jd

12. (in scores) zu + dat

Paul beat me by three games \to two Paul hat im Spiel drei zu zwei gegen mich gewonnen

Manchester won three \to one Manchester hat drei zu eins gewonnen

13. (until) bis + dat

, zu + dat

I read up \to page 100 ich habe bis Seite 100 gelesen

unemployment has risen \to almost 8 million die Arbeitslosigkeit ist auf fast 8 Millionen angestiegen

count \to 20 zähle bis 20

it's about fifty miles \to New York es sind [noch] etwa fünfzig Meilen bis New York

14. (expressing change of state) zu + dat

he converted \to Islam er ist zum Islam übergetreten

his expression changed from amazement \to joy sein Ausdruck wechselte von Erstaunen zu Freude

the change \to the metric system der Wechsel zum metrischen System

her promotion \to department manager ihre Beförderung zur Abteilungsleiterin

the meat was cooked \to perfection das Fleisch war bestens zubereitet

he drank himself \to death er trank sich zu Tode

she nursed me back \to health sie hat mich [wieder] gesund gepflegt

smashed \to pieces in tausend Stücke geschlagen

she was close \to tears sie war den Tränen nahe

he was thrilled \to bits er freute sich wahnsinnig

15. (to point in time) bis + dat

the shop is open \to 8.00 p.m. der Laden hat bis 20 Uhr geöffnet

we're in this \to the end wir führen dies bis zum Ende

and \to this day... und bis auf den heutigen Tag...

it's only two weeks \to your birthday! es sind nur noch zwei Wochen bis zu deinem Geburtstag!

16. (including)

▪ from... \to... von... bis...

from beginning \to end von Anfang bis Ende

from morning \to night von morgens bis abends

front \to back von vorne bis hinten, von allen Seiten

I read the document front \to back ich habe das Dokument von vorne bis hinten gelesen

he's done everything from snowboarding \to windsurfing er hat von Snowboarden bis Windsurfen alles [mal] gemacht

from simple theft \to cold-blooded murder vom einfachen Diebstahl bis zum kaltblütigen Mord

17. BRIT (in clock times) vor, bis SÜDD

it's twenty \to six es ist zwanzig vor sechs

18. (causing) zu + dat

\to my relief/horror/astonishment zu meiner Erleichterung/meinem Entsetzen/meinem Erstaunen

much \to her surprise zu ihrer großen Überraschung

19. (according to) für + akk

\to me, it sounds like she's ending the relationship für mich hört sich das an, als ob sie die Beziehung beenden wollte

that outfit looks good \to me das Outfit gefällt mir gut

if it's acceptable \to you wenn Sie einverstanden sind

this would be \to your advantage das wäre zu deinem Vorteil, das wäre für dich von Vorteil

does this make any sense \to you? findest du das auf irgendeine Weise einleuchtend?

fifty pounds is nothing \to him fünfzig Pfund sind nichts für ihn

what's it \to you? ( fam) was geht dich das an?

20. (serving) für + akk

he works as a personal trainer \to the rich and famous er arbeitet als Personal Trainer für die Reichen und Berühmten

they are hat makers \to Her Majesty the Queen sie sind Hutmacher Ihrer Majestät, der Königin

economic adviser \to the president Wirtschaftsberater des Präsidenten

21. FILM (next to)

she was Ophelia \to Olivier's Hamlet in der Verfilmung von Olivier spielte sie neben Hamlet die Ophelia

22. (in honour of) auf + akk

here's \to you! auf dein/Ihr Wohl!

\to the cook! auf den Koch/die Köchin!

the record is dedicated \to her mother die Schallplatte ist ihrer Mutter gewidmet

I propose a toast \to the bride and groom ich bringe einen Toast auf die Braut und den Bräutigam aus

a memorial \to all the soldiers who died in Vietnam ein Denkmal für alle im Vietnamkrieg gefallenen Soldaten

23. (per)

the car gets 25 miles \to the gallon das Auto verbraucht eine Gallone auf 25 Meilen

three parts oil \to one part vinegar drei Teile Öl auf einen Teil Essig

the odds are 2 \to 1 that you'll lose die Chancen stehen 2 zu 1, dass du verlierst

24. (as a result of) von + dat

she awoke \to the sound of screaming sie wurden durch laute Schreie wach

I like exercising \to music ich trainiere gerne mit Musik

I can't dance \to this sort of music ich kann zu dieser Art Musik nicht tanzen

the band walked on stage \to rapturous applause die Band zog unter tosendem Applaus auf die Bühne

25. (roughly) bis + dat

thirty \to thirty-five people dreißig bis fünfunddreißig Leute

26. MATH (defining exponent) hoch

ten \to the power of three zehn hoch drei

27.

▶ that's all there is \to it das ist schon alles

▶ there's not much [or nothing] \to it das ist nichts Besonderes, da ist nichts Besonderes dabei

II. TO FORM INFINITIVES

1. (expressing future intention) zu

she agreed \to help sie erklärte sich bereit zu helfen

I'll have \to tell him ich werde es ihm sagen müssen

I don't expect \to be finished any later than seven ich denke, dass ich spätestens um sieben fertig sein werde

he lived \to see his first grandchild er durfte erleben, dass sein erstes Enkelkind geboren wurde

I have \to go on a business trip ich muss auf eine Geschäftsreise

the company is \to pay over £500,000 die Firma muss über 500.000 Pfund bezahlen

he's going \to write his memoirs er wird seine Memoiren schreiben

I have some things \to be fixed ich habe einige Dinge zu reparieren

Blair \to meet with Bush Blair trifft Bush

to be about \to do sth gerade etw tun wollen, im Begriff sein, etw zu tun

2. (forming requests) zu

she was told \to have the report finished by Friday sie wurde gebeten, den Bericht bis Freitag fertigzustellen

he told me \to wait er sagte mir, ich solle warten

I asked her \to give me a call ich bat sie, mich anzurufen

we asked her \to explain wir baten sie, es uns zu erklären

you've not \to do that du sollst das nicht tun

that man is not \to come here again der Mann darf dieses Haus nicht mehr betreten

young man, you're \to go to your room right now junger Mann, du gehst jetzt auf dein Zimmer

3. (expressing wish) zu

I need \to eat something first ich muss zuerst etwas essen

I'd love \to live in New York ich würde nur zu gern in New York leben

would you like \to dance? möchten Sie tanzen?

that child ought \to be in bed das Kind sollte [schon] im Bett sein

I want \to go now ich möchte jetzt gehen

I need \to go to the bathroom ich muss mal auf die Toilette

do you want \to come with us? willst du [mit uns] mitkommen?

I'd love \to go to France this summer ich würde diesen Sommer gern nach Frankreich fahren

4. (omitting verb)

are you going tonight? — I'm certainly hoping \to gehst du heute Abend? — das hoffe ich sehr

would you like to go and see the Russian clowns? — yes, I'd love \to möchtest du gern die russischen Clowns sehen? — ja, sehr gern

can you drive? — yes I'm able \to but I prefer not \to kannst du Auto fahren? — ja, das kann ich, aber ich fahre nicht gern

5. after adj (to complete meaning)

it's not likely \to happen es ist unwahrscheinlich, dass das geschieht, das wird wohl kaum geschehen

I was afraid \to tell her ich hatte Angst, es ihr zu sagen

he's able \to speak four languages er spricht vier Sprachen

she's due \to have her baby sie bekommt bald ihr Baby

I'm afraid \to fly ich habe Angst vorm Fliegen

she's happy \to see you back sie ist froh, dass du wieder zurück bist

I'm sorry \to hear that es tut mir leid, das zu hören

easy \to use leicht zu bedienen

languages are fun \to learn Sprachenlernen macht Spaß

it is interesting \to know that es ist interessant, das zu wissen

three months is too long \to wait drei Monate zu warten ist zu lang

I'm too nervous \to talk right now ich bin zu nervös, um jetzt zu sprechen

6. (expressing purpose)

I'm going there \to see my sister ich gehe dort hin, um meine Schwester zu treffen

she's gone \to pick Jean up sie ist Jean abholen gegangen

my second attempt \to make flaky pastry mein zweiter Versuch, einen Blätterteig zu machen

they have no reason \to lie sie haben keinerlei Grund zu lügen

I have the chance \to buy a house cheaply ich habe die Gelegenheit, billig ein Haus zu kaufen

something \to eat etwas zu essen

the first person \to arrive die erste Person, die ankam [o eintraf]

Armstrong was the first man \to walk on the moon Armstrong war der erste Mann, der den Mond betrat

7. (expressing intent)

we tried \to help wir versuchten zu helfen

\to make this cake, you'll need... für diesen Kuchen braucht man...

he managed \to escape es gelang ihm zu entkommen

8. (after wh- words)

I don't know what \to do ich weiß nicht, was ich tun soll

I don't know where \to begin ich weiß nicht, wo ich anfangen soll

she was wondering whether \to ask David about it sie fragte sich, ob sie David deswegen fragen sollte

can you tell me how \to get there? könne Sie mir sagen, wie ich dort hinkomme?

9. (introducing clause)

\to tell the truth [or \to be truthful] um die Wahrheit zu sagen

\to be quite truthful with you, Dave, I never really liked the man ich muss dir ehrlich sagen, Dave, ich konnte diesen Mann noch nie leiden

\to be honest um ehrlich zu sein

10. (in consecutive acts) um zu

he looked up \to greet his guests er blickte auf, um seine Gäste zu begrüßen

she reached out \to take his hand sie griff nach seiner Hand

they turned around \to find their car gone sie drehten sich um und bemerkten, dass ihr Auto verschwunden war

III. ADVERB

inv zu

to push [or pull] the door \to die Tür zuschlagen

to come \to zu sich dat kommen

to set \to sich akk daranmachen fam

they set \to with a will, determined to finish the job sie machten sich mit Nachdruck daran, entschlossen, die Arbeit zu Ende zu bringen

* * *
[tuː]
1. PREPOSITION

1) = in direction of, towards zu

to go to the station — zum Bahnhof gehen

to go to the doctor( 's)/greengrocer's etc — zum Arzt/Gemüsehändler etc gehen

to go to the opera/concert etc — in die Oper/ins Konzert etc gehen

to go to France/London — nach Frankreich/London fahren

to go to Switzerland —

to go to school to go to bed — zur Schule or in die Schule gehen ins or zu Bett gehen

to the left — nach links

to the west — nach Westen

he came up to where I was standing —

to fall to the ground — auf den Boden or zu Boden fallen

to turn a picture/one's face to the wall — ein Bild/sich mit dem Gesicht zur Wand drehen

hold it up to the light — halte es gegen das Licht

2) = as far as, until bis

to count (up) to 20 —

there were (from) 40 to 60 people — es waren 40 bis 60 Leute da

it's 90 kms to Paris — nach Paris sind es 90 km

it's correct to a millimetre — es stimmt bis auf den Millimeter

8 years ago to the day — auf den Tag genau vor 8 Jahren

to this day — bis auf den heutigen Tag

they perished to a man — sie kamen alle bis auf den letzten Mann ums Leben

3) = in in (+dat)

I have never been to Brussels/India — ich war noch nie in Brüssel/Indien

4)

= secure to he nailed it to the wall/floor etc — er nagelte es an die Wand/auf den Boden etc

they tied him to the tree —

they held him to the ground — sie hielten ihn am Boden

5)

with indirect object to give sth to sb — jdm etw geben

a present from me to you —

who did you give it to? — wem haben Sie es gegeben?

I said to myself... — ich habe mir gesagt...

he was muttering/singing to himself — er murmelte/sang vor sich hin

what is it to you? — was geht dich das an?

he is kind to everyone — er ist zu allen freundlich

it's a great help to me — das ist eine große Hilfe für mich

he has been a good friend to us — er war uns (dat)

"To... " (on envelope etc) to pray to God — "An (+acc)..." zu Gott beten

6) in toasts auf (+acc)

to drink to sb — jdm zutrinken

to drink to sb's health — auf jds Wohl (acc) trinken

7)

= next to with position bumper to bumper — Stoßstange an Stoßstange

close to sb/sth — nahe bei jdm/etw

at right angles to the wall —

parallel to the wall — parallel zur Wand

to the west (of)/the left (of) — westlich/links (von)

8) with expressions of time vor

20 ( minutes) to 2 — 20 (Minuten) vor 2

at (a) quarter to 2 — um Viertel vor 2

25 to 3 — 5 (Minuten) nach halb 3

it was five to when we arrived — es war fünf vor, als wir ankamen

9) = in relation to zu

A is to B as C is to D —

by a majority of 10 to 7 — mit einer Mehrheit von 10 zu 7

they won by 4 goals to 2 — sie haben mit 4:2 (spoken: vier zu zwei) Toren gewonnen

10) = per pro; (in recipes, when mixing) auf (+acc)

one person to a room — eine Person pro Zimmer

11) MATH

3 to the 4th, 3 to the power of 4 — 3 hoch 4

12)

= concerning what do you say to the idea? — was hältst du von der Idee?

what would you say to a beer? — was hältst du von einem Bier?

that's all there is to it — das ist alles

to repairing television £30 (Comm) — (für) Reparatur eines Fernsehers £ 30

13)

= according to to the best of my knowledge — nach bestem Wissen

it's not to my taste — das ist nicht nach meinem Geschmack

14)

= accompanied by to sing to the guitar —

to sing sth to the tune of... — etw nach der Melodie von... singen

to dance to a tune/a band — zu einer Melodie/den Klängen or der Musik eines Orchesters tanzen

15)

= of ambassador to America/the King of France — Botschafter in Amerika/am Hofe des Königs von Frankreich

secretary to the director — Sekretärin des Direktors

16)

= producing to everyone's surprise — zu jedermanns Überraschung

17)

infinitive to begin to do sth — anfangen, etw zu tun

he decided to come — er beschloss zu kommen

I want to do it — ich will es tun

I want him to do it — ich will, dass er es tut

18)

conditional use of infinitive to see him now, one would never think... — wenn man ihn jetzt sieht, würde man nicht glauben,...

19)

infinitive expressing purpose, result to eat/work to live —

I did it to help you — ich tat es, um dir zu helfen

to get to the point,... — um zur Sache zu kommen,...

well, not to exaggerate... — ohne zu übertreiben,...

I arrived to find she had gone — als ich ankam, war sie weg

never to be found again — und wurde nie wiedergefunden

20)

omitting verb I don't want to — ich will nicht

I'll try to — ich werde es versuchen

you have to — du musst

I'd love to — sehr gerne

we didn't want to but we were forced to — wir wollten nicht, aber wir waren dazu gezwungen

I intended to (do it), but I forgot (to) — ich wollte es tun, aber ich habe es vergessen

buy it, it would be silly not to — kaufe es, es wäre dumm, es nicht zu tun

he often does things one doesn't expect him to — er macht oft Dinge, die man nicht von ihm erwartet

21)

set structures __diams; noun/pronoun + to + infinitive he is not the sort to do that — er ist nicht der Typ, der das täte, er ist nicht der Typ dazu

I have done nothing to deserve this — ich habe nichts getan, womit ich das verdient hätte

there's no-one to help us — es ist niemand da, der uns helfen könnte

who is he to order you around? — wer ist er denn, dass er dich so herumkommandiert?

he was the first to arrive — er kam als Erster an, er war der Erste, der ankam

who was the last to see her? —

there is much to be done — es gibt viel zu tun

what is there to do here? —

now is the time to do it — jetzt ist die (beste) Zeit, es zu tun

the book is still to be written — das Buch muss noch geschrieben werden

are you ready to go at last? — bist du endlich fertig?

it's hard to understand — es ist schwer zu verstehen

it's impossible to believe — das kann man einfach nicht glauben

you are foolish to try it — du bist dumm, das überhaupt zu versuchen

is it good to eat? —

it's too heavy to lift too young to marry — es ist zu schwer zum Heben zu jung zum Heiraten

he's too old to be still in short trousers — er ist schon so alt und trägt noch kurze Hosen

2. ADJECTIVE
door (= ajar) angelehnt; (= shut) zu
3. ADVERB

to and fro — hin und her; walk auf und ab

* * *

to

A präp [tuː; tʊ; tə]

1. (Grundbedeutung) zu

2. (Richtung und Ziel, räumlich) zu, nach, an (akk), in (akk), auf (akk):

go to London nach London fahren;

from east to west von Osten nach Westen;

throw sth to the ground etwas auf den oder zu Boden werfen

3. in (dat):

have you ever been to London?

4. (Richtung, Ziel, Zweck) zu, auf (akk), an (akk), in (akk), für, gegen:

play to a large audience vor einem großen Publikum spielen; → duty A 1 a, invite A 1, pray B 2, etc

5. (Zugehörigkeit) zu, in (akk), für, auf (akk):

that is all there is to it das ist alles;

a cap with a tassel to it eine Mütze mit einer Troddel (daran);

a key to the case ein Schlüssel für den oder zum Koffer;

a room to myself ein Zimmer für mich (allein); → assistant B 1, end C 7, moral B 1, secretary 1, etc

6. (Übereinstimmung, Gemäßheit) nach, für, gemäß: → astonishment, etc

7. (im Verhältnis oder Vergleich) zu, gegen, gegenüber, auf (akk), mit:

the score is three to one (3-1) das Spiel oder es steht drei zu eins (3:1);

two is to four as four is to eight zwei verhält sich zu vier wie vier zu acht

8. (Ausmaß, Grenze, Grad) bis, (bis) zu, (bis) an (akk), auf (akk), in (dat):

to the clouds bis an die Wolken;

ten feet to the ground zehn Fuß bis zum Boden; → craziness

9. (zeitliche Ausdehnung oder Grenze) bis, bis zu, bis gegen, auf (akk), vor (dat):

from three to four von drei bis vier (Uhr);

it’s ten to five es ist zehn vor fünf

10. (Begleitung) zu, nach:

sing to a guitar zu einer Gitarre singen;

they danced to a tune sie tanzten nach einer Melodie; → dance A 1

11. zur Bildung des Dativs:

a) betont:

he gave the book to me, not to you! er gab das Buch mir, nicht Ihnen!

b) unbetont:

she was a good mother to him sie war ihm eine gute Mutter

B partikel [tʊ; tə]

1. zur Bezeichnung des Infinitivs:

to go gehen;

easy to understand leicht zu verstehen;

she was heard to cry man hörte sie weinen

2. (Zweck, Absicht) um zu, zu:

he only does it to earn money er tut es nur, um Geld zu verdienen

3. zur Verkürzung des Nebensatzes:

I weep to think of it ich weine, wenn ich daran denke;

he was the first to arrive er kam als Erster;

to hear him talk wenn man ihn (so) reden hört; → honest A 1 b

4. zur Bezeichnung eines Grundes:

why blame you me to love you? obs oder poet was tadelst du mich, weil ich dich liebe?

5. zur Andeutung eines aus dem Vorhergehenden zu ergänzenden Infinitivs:

I don’t go because I don’t want to ich gehe nicht, weil ich nicht (gehen) will

C adv [tuː]

1. a) zu, geschlossen:

pull the door to die Türe zuziehen

b) angelehnt:

leave the door to

2. (wieder) zu Bewusstsein oder zu sich: → bring to A 1, come to 1

3. SCHIFF nahe am Wind:

keep her to!

4. to and fro

a) hin und her,

b) auf und ab

* * *
1.
[before vowel tʊ, before consonant tə, stressed tuː] preposition

1) (in the direction of and reaching) zu; (with name of place) nach

go to work/to the theatre — zur Arbeit/ins Theater gehen

to Paris/France — nach Paris/Frankreich

go from town to town — von Stadt zu Stadt ziehen

throw the ball to me — wirf mir den Ball zu

2) (towards a condition or quality) zu

appoint somebody to a post — jemanden auf einen Posten berufen

3) (as far as) bis zu

from London to Edinburgh — von London [bis] nach Edinburgh

increase from 10 % to 20 % — von 10 % auf 20 % steigen

4) (next to, facing)

with one's back to the wall — mit dem Rücken zur Wand

5) (implying comparison, ratio, etc.)

[compared] to — verglichen mit; im Vergleich zu

3 is to 4 as 6 is to 8 — 3 verhält sich zu 4 wie 6 zu 8

it's ten to one he does something — die Chancen stehen zehn zu eins, dass er etwas tut

6) introducing relationship or indirect object

to somebody/something — jemandem/einer Sache (Dat.)

lend/explain etc. something to somebody — jemandem etwas leihen/erklären usw.

speak to somebody — mit jemandem sprechen

relate to something — sich auf etwas (Akk.) beziehen

to me — (in my opinion) meiner Meinung nach

secretary to the Minister — Sekretär des Ministers

a room to oneself — ein eigenes Zimmer

get four apples to the pound — vier Äpfel je Pfund bekommen

that's all there is to it — mehr ist dazu nicht zu sagen

what's that to you? — was geht das dich an?

7) (until) bis

to the end — bis zum Ende

to this day — bis heute

five [minutes] to eight — fünf [Minuten] vor acht

8) with infinitive of a verb zu; expressing purpose, or after too um [...] zu

want to know — wissen wollen

do something to annoy somebody — etwas tun, um jemanden zu ärgern

too young to marry — zu jung, um zu heiraten; zu jung zum Heiraten

too hot to drink — zu heiß zum Trinken

to rebel is pointless — es ist sinnlos zu rebellieren

he woke to find himself in a strange room — er erwachte und fand sich in einem fremden Zimmer wieder

to use a technical term — um einen Fachausdruck zu gebrauchen

9) as substitute for infinitive

he would have phoned but forgot to — er hätte angerufen, aber er vergaß es

she didn't want to go there, but she had to — sie wollte nicht hingehen, aber sie musste
2.
[tuː] adverb

1) (just not shut)

be to — [Tür, Fenster:] angelehnt sein

push a door to — eine Tür anlehnen

2)

to and fro — hin und her

English-german dictionary > to
7 middle

1. attributive adjective
mittler...

the middle one — der/die/das mittlere

middle point — Mittelpunkt, der
2. noun
1) Mitte, die; (central part) Mittelteil, der

in the middle of the room/the table — in der Mitte des Zimmers/des Tisches; (emphatic) mitten im Zimmer/auf dem Tisch

right in the middle of Manchester — genau im Zentrum von Manchester

in the middle of the forest — mitten im Wald

fold something down the middle — etwas in der Mitte falten

in the middle of the day — mittags

in the middle of the morning/afternoon — mitten am Vor-/Nachmittag

in the middle of the night/week — mitten in der Nacht/Woche

be in the middle of doing something — (fig.) gerade mitten dabei sein, etwas zu tun

2) (waist) Taille, die

* * *
['midl] 1. noun
1) (the central point or part: the middle of a circle.) die Mitte

2) (the central area of the body; the waist: You're getting rather fat round your middle.) die Mitte
2. adjective
(equally distant from both ends: the middle seat in a row.) mittler

- academic.ru/46725/middling">middling
- middle age
- middle-aged
- Middle Ages
- Middle East
- middleman
- be in the middle of doing something
- be in the middle of something
* * *

mid·dle

[ˈmɪdl̩]

I. n

1. (centre) Mitte f; of fruit, nuts Innere[s] nt; (centre part) of book, film, story Mittelteil m

the \middle of the earth das Erdinnere

2. (in time, space) mitten

in the \middle of the road/room/table mitten auf der Straße/im Zimmer/auf dem Tisch

in the \middle of the afternoon/morning mitten am Nachmittag/Morgen

in the \middle of the night mitten in der Nacht

in the \middle of nowhere ( fig) am Ende der Welt, mitten im Nirgendwo [o ÖSTERR, SCHWEIZ Nichts]

in the \middle of summer/March mitten im Sommer/März

in the \middle of 1985/the century Mitte 1985/des Jahrhunderts

to be in one's \middle forties/sixties in den Mittvierzigern/-sechzigern sein; (busy with)

to be in the \middle of eating/cooking/writing a letter mitten dabei sein zu essen/kochen/einen Brief zu schreiben

to be in the \middle of an argument/a project mitten in einer Diskussion/einem Projekt sein

3. ( fam: waist) Taille f

to be large/small around the \middle breit/schmal um die Taille sein; (belly) Bauch m

4. (between things) Mitte f

she parts her hair in [or down] the \middle sie trägt einen Mittelscheitel

cut the piece of cake in the \middle! schneide das Stück Kuchen in der Mitte durch!

to divide [or split] sth [right] down the \middle etw halbieren

let's split the cost right down the \middle! lass uns die Kosten teilen!

the issue of a single European currency divided the country down the \middle das Problem einer einheitlichen europäischen Währung spaltete das Land

II. adj attr, inv mittlere(r, s)

▶ to steer the \middle course, to take the \middle path [or way] den Mittelweg gehen [o wählen]

* * *
['mɪdl]
1. n
Mitte f; (= central section: of book, film etc) Mittelteil m, mittlerer Teil; (= inside of fruit, nut etc) Innere(s) nt; (= stomach) Bauch m, Leib m; (= waist) Taille f
in the middle of the table — mitten auf dem Tisch

he passed the ball to the middle of the field — er spielte den Ball zur (Feld)mitte

in the middle of the night — mitten in der Nacht

in the middle of the day — mitten am Tag

to live in the middle of nowhere — am Ende der Welt wohnen

in the middle of summer — mitten im Sommer

in or about the middle of May — Mitte Mai

in the middle of the century — um die Jahrhundertmitte, Mitte des Jahrhunderts

we were in the middle of lunch —

in the middle of my back — im Kreuz

to be in the middle of doing sth — mitten dabei sein, etw zu tun

I'm in the middle of reading it — ich bin mittendrin

down the middle — in der Mitte

he parts his hair down the middle — er hat einen Mittelscheitel

2. adj
mittlere(r, s)
the middle house — das mittlere Haus, das Haus in der Mitte

to be in one's middle twenties/thirties — Mitte zwanzig/dreißig sein

I'm the middle child of three — ich bin das mittlere der drei Kinder

* * *

middle [ˈmıdl]

A adj

1. (auch zeitlich und fig) mittler(er, e, es), Mittel…:

middle C MUS eingestrichenes C;

middle finger Mittelfinger m;

middle life mittleres Lebensalter;

middle quality WIRTSCH Mittelqualität f;

in the middle fifties Mitte der Fünfziger(jahre);

he was the middle of three children er war das mittlere von drei Kindern; → management 2, rhyme A 1

2. LING

a) Mittel…:

Middle Latin Mittellatein n

b) → medial A 2

B s

1. Mitte f:

in the middle in der oder die Mitte;

in the middle of in der Mitte (gen), mitten in (dat), inmitten (gen);

in the middle of the street mitten auf der Straße;

in the middle of speaking mitten im Sprechen;

in the middle of July Mitte Juli; → nowhere B

2. mittlerer Teil, Mittelstück n (auch eines Schlachttieres)

3. Mitte f (des Leibes), Taille f

4. LING Medium n (griechische Verbform)

5. Logik: Mittelglied n (eines Schlusses)

6. auch middle article Br Feuilleton n

7. pl WIRTSCH Mittelsorte f

C v/t

1. in die Mitte platzieren

2. besonders Fußball: den Ball zur Mitte geben

mid. abk middle

* * *
1. attributive adjective
mittler...

the middle one — der/die/das mittlere

middle point — Mittelpunkt, der
2. noun
1) Mitte, die; (central part) Mittelteil, der

in the middle of the room/the table — in der Mitte des Zimmers/des Tisches; (emphatic) mitten im Zimmer/auf dem Tisch

right in the middle of Manchester — genau im Zentrum von Manchester

in the middle of the forest — mitten im Wald

fold something down the middle — etwas in der Mitte falten

in the middle of the day — mittags

in the middle of the morning/afternoon — mitten am Vor-/Nachmittag

in the middle of the night/week — mitten in der Nacht/Woche

be in the middle of doing something — (fig.) gerade mitten dabei sein, etwas zu tun

2) (waist) Taille, die

* * *

adj.

Mittel- präfix. n.

Mitte -n f.

English-german dictionary > middle
8 single

1. adjective
1) einfach; einzig [Ziel, Hoffnung]; (for one person) Einzel[bett, -zimmer]; einfach [Größe]; (without the other one of a pair) einzeln

speak with a single voice — (fig.) mit einer Stimme sprechen

single sheet — Bettuch für ein Einzelbett

single ticket — (Brit.) einfache Fahrkarte

single fare — (Brit.) Preis für [die] einfache Fahrt

2) (one by itself) einzig; (isolated) einzeln

one single... — ein einziger/eine einzige/ein einziges...

at a or one single blow or stroke — mit einem Schlag

3) (unmarried) ledig

a single man/woman/single people — ein Lediger/eine Ledige/Ledige

single parent — allein erziehender Elternteil

single mother — allein erziehende od. stehende Mutter

4) (separate, individual) einzeln

every single one — jeder/jede/jedes einzelne

every single time/day — aber auch jedesmal/jeden Tag

not a single one — kein einziger/keine einzige/kein einziges

not a single word — kein einziges Wort

not/never for a single minute or moment — keinen [einzigen] Augenblick [lang]
2. noun
1) (Brit.): (ticket) einfache Fahrkarte

[a] single/two singles to Manchester, please — einmal/zweimal einfach nach Manchester, bitte

2) (record) Single, die

3) in pl. (Golf) Single, das; (Tennis) Einzel, das

men's/women's or ladies' singles — Herren-/Dameneinzel, das

Phrasal Verbs:

- academic.ru/91609/single_out">single out

* * *
['siŋɡl] 1. adjective
1) (one only: The spider hung on a single thread.) einzeln

2) (for one person only: a single bed/mattress.) Einzel-...

3) (unmarried: a single person.) ledig

4) (for or in one direction only: a single ticket/journey/fare.) einfach
2. noun
1) (a gramophone record with only one tune or song on each side: This group have just brought out a new single.) die Single

2) (a one-way ticket.) einfache Fahrkarte

•

- singleness
- singles
- singly
- single-breasted
- single-decker
- single-handed
- single parent
- single out
* * *

sin·gle

[ˈsɪŋgl̩]

I. adj inv

1. attr (one only) einzige(r, s)

she didn't say a \single word all evening sie sprach den ganzen Abend kein einziges Wort

patience is the \single most important quality Geduld ist die absolut wichtigste Eigenschaft

with a \single blow mit nur einem Schlag

not a \single person [überhaupt] niemand

not a \single soul keine Menschenseele

every \single thing [absolut] alles

every \single time jedes Mal

2. (having one part) einzelne(r, s)

in \single figures im einstelligen [Zahlen]bereich

\single-flowered BOT einblütig

3. inv (unmarried) ledig, unverheiratet, solo fam

he's 49 and still \single er ist 49 und immer noch nicht verheiratet

4. inv (raising child alone) allein erziehend

he is a \single parent er ist allein erziehend

\single father/mother allein erziehender Vater/allein erziehende Mutter

II. n

1. BRIT, AUS (one-way ticket) Einzelfahrkarte f, Einzelfahrschein m, einfache Billet nt SCHWEIZ

do you want a \single or a return? möchten Sie eine einfache Fahrkarte oder eine Hin- und Rückfahrkarte?

2. (one-unit dollar note) Eindollarschein m, Eindollarnote f

3. (record) Single f

4. SPORT (in cricket) Schlag für einen Lauf; (in baseball) Lauf zum ersten Base

5. (single measure of drink) Einheit f (eine Maßeinheit eines alkoholischen Getränks)

6. (single room) Einzelzimmer nt

7. pl (unmarried person) Single m

III. vi SPORT mit einem Schlag das erste Base erreichen

* * *
['sɪŋgl]
1. adj

1) (= one only) einzige(r, s)

not a single one spoke up —

every single day was precious — jeder (einzelne) Tag war kostbar

I've missed the bus every single day this week — diese Woche habe ich jeden Tag den Bus verpasst

every single book I looked at — (aber auch) jedes Buch, das ich mir ansah

with a single voice they cried out for reform — wie mit einer Stimme riefen sie nach Reformen

not a single thing — überhaupt nichts

the single most expensive product —

in a single day — in einem einzigen Tag

in a single gulp — mit einem einzigen Schluck

in single figures — in einstelligen Zahlen

2) (= not double etc) einzeln; (TYP) einfach; carburettor einfach; (Brit) ticket einfach

single pneumonia —

a single-tank aqualung — ein Pressluftatmer m mit nur einer Sauerstoffflasche

3) (= not married) unverheiratet, ledig

marital status? – single — Familienstand? – ledig

he was tired of the single life — er hatte das Junggesellendasein satt

single people — Ledige pl, Unverheiratete pl

I'm a single man/girl — ich bin ledig

the single homeless — die alleinstehenden Obdachlosen

2. n

1) (CRICKET) Schlag m für einen Lauf; (BASEBALL) Lauf m zum ersten Mal; (GOLF) Zweier m

2) (Brit: ticket) Einzelfahrschein m, Einzelfahrkarte f; (= room) Einzelzimmer nt; (= record) Single f; (= bank note) Einpfund-/Eindollarschein m

a single/two singles to Xanadu (Brit) — einmal/zweimal einfach nach Xanadu

3) (= unmarried person) Single m

* * *

single [ˈsıŋɡl]

A adj (adv → singly)

1. einzig:

not a single one kein Einziger

2. einzeln, einfach, Einzel…, Ein(fach)…, ein…:

single-decker FLUG Eindecker m (Br a. einstöckiger Bus);

single-engined einmotorig (Flugzeug);

single pneumonia MED einseitige Lungenentzündung;

single-pole switch einpoliger Schalter;

single-stage einstufig;

single-thread eingängig (Gewinde);

single(-trip) ticket → B 2; → bookkeeping

3. einzeln, Einzel…:

single bed Einzelbett n;

single item Einzelstück n (einer Sammlung);

single parts Einzelteile;

single room → B 3;

single-room supplement Einzelzimmerzuschlag m;

every single word jedes einzelne Wort

4. alleinstehend, ledig, unverheiratet:

single father alleinerziehender Vater;

single life Singledasein n, -leben n;

single man Single m, Alleinstehende(r) m, Junggeselle m;

single mother alleinerziehende Mutter;

single parent Alleinerziehende(r) m/f(m);

single-parent family Einelternfamilie f;

single woman Single m, Alleinstehende f, Junggesellin f; → blessedness 1, householder 2

5. einmalig (Zahlung etc)

6. fig einmalig, einzigartig:

of a single beauty

7. ungeteilt:

have a single eye for nur Sinn haben für, nur denken an (akk);

with a single voice wie aus einem Munde

8. BOT einfach, ungefüllt (Blüte)

9. TECH einfach, nur einen Arbeitsgang verrichtend (Maschine)

10. fig aufrichtig (Hingabe etc)

B s

1. (der, die, das) Einzelne oder Einzige

2. Br

a) einfache Fahrkarte

b) FLUG einfaches Ticket

3. Einzel-, Einbettzimmer n

4. pl Tennis etc:

a) Einzel n (Wettbewerb)

b) (als sg konstruiert) auch singles match Einzel n:

singles court Einzelfeld n;

singles player Einzelspieler(in);

men’s singles Herreneinzel

5. Single f (Schallplatte)

6. US Eindollarschein m

7. Single m, Unverheiratete(r) m/f(m):

singles bar Singlelokal n

8. JAGD Br Wedel m, Ende n (des Rehwilds)

C v/t meist single out

a) auslesen, -suchen, -wählen ( alle:

from aus),

b) bestimmen ( for für einen Zweck),

c) herausheben

* * *
1. adjective
1) einfach; einzig [Ziel, Hoffnung]; (for one person) Einzel[bett, -zimmer]; einfach [Größe]; (without the other one of a pair) einzeln

speak with a single voice — (fig.) mit einer Stimme sprechen

single sheet — Bettuch für ein Einzelbett

single ticket — (Brit.) einfache Fahrkarte

single fare — (Brit.) Preis für [die] einfache Fahrt

2) (one by itself) einzig; (isolated) einzeln

one single... — ein einziger/eine einzige/ein einziges...

at a or one single blow or stroke — mit einem Schlag

3) (unmarried) ledig

a single man/woman/single people — ein Lediger/eine Ledige/Ledige

single parent — allein erziehender Elternteil

single mother — allein erziehende od. stehende Mutter

4) (separate, individual) einzeln

every single one — jeder/jede/jedes einzelne

every single time/day — aber auch jedesmal/jeden Tag

not a single one — kein einziger/keine einzige/kein einziges

not a single word — kein einziges Wort

not/never for a single minute or moment — keinen [einzigen] Augenblick [lang]
2. noun
1) (Brit.): (ticket) einfache Fahrkarte

[a] single/two singles to Manchester, please — einmal/zweimal einfach nach Manchester, bitte

2) (record) Single, die

3) in pl. (Golf) Single, das; (Tennis) Einzel, das

men's/women's or ladies' singles — Herren-/Dameneinzel, das

Phrasal Verbs:

- single out

* * *

adj.

Einzel- präfix.

alleinstehend adj.

einzeln adj.

einzeln/ledig adj.

einzig adj.

ledig adj.

unverheiratet adj.

English-german dictionary > single
9 Bedson, George

SUBJECT AREA: Metallurgy

[br]

b. 3 November 1820 Sutton Coldfield, Warwickshire, England

d. 12 December 1884 Manchester (?), England

[br]

English metallurgist, inventor of the continuous rolling mill.

[br]

He acquired a considerable knowledge of wire-making in his father's works before he took a position in 1839 at the works of James Edleston at Warrington. From there, in 1851, he went to Manchester as Manager of Richard Johnson \& Sons' wire mill, where he remained for the rest of his life. It was there that he initiated several important improvements in the manufacture of wire. These included a system of circulating puddling furnace water bottoms and sides, and a galvanizing process. His most important innovation, however, was the continuous mill for producing iron rod for wiredrawing. Previously the red-hot iron billets had to be handled repeatedly through a stand or set of rolls to reduce the billet to the required shape, with time and heat being lost at each handling. In Bedson's continuous mill, the billet entered the first of a succession of stands placed as closely to each other as possible and emerged from the final one as rod suitable for wiredrawing, without any intermediate handling. A second novel feature was that alternate rolls were arranged vertically to save turning the piece manually through a right angle. That improved the quality as well as the speed of production. Bedson's first continuous mill was erected in Manchester in 1862 and had sixteen stands in tandem. A mill on this principle had been patented the previous year by Charles While of Pontypridd, South Wales, but it was Bedson who made it work and brought it into use commercially. A difficult problem to overcome was that as the piece being rolled lengthened, its speed increased, so that each pair of rolls had to increase correspondingly. The only source of power was a steam engine working a single drive shaft, but Bedson achieved the greater speeds by using successively larger gear-wheels at each stand.

Bedson's first mill was highly successful, and a second one was erected at the Manchester works; however, its application was limited to the production of small bars, rods and sections. Nevertheless, Bedson's mill established an important principle of rolling-mill design that was to have wider applications in later years.

[br]

Further Reading

Obituary, 1884, Journal of the Iron and Steel Institute 27:539–40. W.K.V.Gale, 1969, Iron and Steel, London: Longmans, pp. 81–2.

LRD

Biographical history of technology > Bedson, George
10 QJM

1) Спорт: Quality Jogging in Manchester

2) Физиология: Quarterly Journal of Medicine

3) Должность: Quality Job Manager

4) НАСА: Quality Job Management

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > QJM
11 Crompton, Samuel

SUBJECT AREA: Textiles

[br]

b. 3 December 1753 Firwood, near Bolton, Lancashire, England

d. 26 June 1827 Bolton, Lancashire, England

[br]

English inventor of the spinning mule.

[br]

Samuel Crompton was the son of a tenant farmer, George, who became the caretaker of the old house Hall-i-th-Wood, near Bolton, where he died in 1759. As a boy, Samuel helped his widowed mother in various tasks at home, including weaving. He liked music and made his own violin, with which he later was to earn some money to pay for tools for building his spinning mule. He was set to work at spinning and so in 1769 became familiar with the spinning jenny designed by James Hargreaves; he soon noticed the poor quality of the yarn produced and its tendency to break. Crompton became so exasperated with the jenny that in 1772 he decided to improve it. After seven years' work, in 1779 he produced his famous spinning "mule". He built the first one entirely by himself, principally from wood. He adapted rollers similar to those already patented by Arkwright for drawing out the cotton rovings, but it seems that he did not know of Arkwright's invention. The rollers were placed at the back of the mule and paid out the fibres to the spindles, which were mounted on a moving carriage that was drawn away from the rollers as the yarn was paid out. The spindles were rotated to put in twist. At the end of the draw, or shortly before, the rollers were stopped but the spindles continued to rotate. This not only twisted the yarn further, but slightly stretched it and so helped to even out any irregularities; it was this feature that gave the mule yarn extra quality. Then, after the spindles had been turned backwards to unwind the yarn from their tips, they were rotated in the spinning direction again and the yarn was wound on as the carriage was pushed up to the rollers.

The mule was a very versatile machine, making it possible to spin almost every type of yarn. In fact, Samuel Crompton was soon producing yarn of a much finer quality than had ever been spun in Bolton, and people attempted to break into Hall-i-th-Wood to see how he produced it. Crompton did not patent his invention, perhaps because it consisted basically of the essential features of the earlier machines of Hargreaves and Arkwright, or perhaps through lack of funds. Under promise of a generous subscription, he disclosed his invention to the spinning industry, but was shabbily treated because most of the promised money was never paid. Crompton's first mule had forty-eight spindles, but it did not long remain in its original form for many people started to make improvements to it. The mule soon became more popular than Arkwright's waterframe because it could spin such fine yarn, which enabled weavers to produce the best muslin cloth, rivalling that woven in India and leading to an enormous expansion in the British cotton-textile industry. Crompton eventually saved enough capital to set up as a manufacturer himself and around 1784 he experimented with an improved carding engine, although he was not successful. In 1800, local manufacturers raised a sum of £500 for him, and eventually in 1812 he received a government grant of £5,000, but this was trifling in relation to the immense financial benefits his invention had conferred on the industry, to say nothing of his expenses. When Crompton was seeking evidence in 1811 to support his claim for financial assistance, he found that there were 4,209,570 mule spindles compared with 155,880 jenny and 310,516 waterframe spindles. He later set up as a bleacher and again as a cotton manufacturer, but only the gift of a small annuity by his friends saved him from dying in total poverty.

[br]

Further Reading

H.C.Cameron, 1951, Samuel Crompton, Inventor of the Spinning Mule, London (a rather discursive biography).

Dobson \& Barlow Ltd, 1927, Samuel Crompton, the Inventor of the Spinning Mule, Bolton.

G.J.French, 1859, The Life and Times of Samuel Crompton, Inventor of the Spinning Machine Called the Mule, London.

The invention of the mule is fully described in H. Gatling, 1970, The Spinning Mule, Newton Abbot; W.English, 1969, The Textile Industry, London; R.L.Hills, 1970, Power in the Industrial Revolution, Manchester.

C.Singer (ed.), 1958, A History of Technology, Vol. IV, Oxford: Clarendon Press (provides a brief account).

RLH

Biographical history of technology > Crompton, Samuel
12 play

play [pleɪ]

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

1. noun

2. transitive verb

3. intransitive verb

4. compounds

5. Phrasal Verbs

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

1. noun

   a. (Sport) jeu m

• there was some good play in the second half on a assisté à du beau jeu pendant la deuxième mi-temps

• play starts at noon le match commence à midi

• children learn through play les enfants apprennent par le jeu

► to make a play for sth s'efforcer d'obtenir qch

► into play

• to bring or call sth into play faire intervenir qch

• to come into play entrer en jeu

   b. ( = movement) jeu m

• the free play of market forces le libre jeu du marché

• to give full play to one's imagination donner libre cours à son imagination

   c. ( = drama) pièce f (de théâtre)

• the plays of Molière les pièces fpl de Molière

• television play dramatique f

• a play by Pinter une pièce de Pinter

• to be in a play [actor] jouer dans une pièce

2. transitive verb

   a. [+ game, sport] jouer à

• to play chess jouer aux échecs

• to play football jouer au football

• to play a match against sb disputer un match contre qn

• the match will be played on Saturday le match aura lieu samedi

• what position does she play? à quelle place joue-t-elle ?

• to play a game jouer à un jeu ; (of tennis) faire une partie

• the children were playing a game in the garden les enfants jouaient dans le jardin

• don't play games with me! ne vous moquez pas de moi !

• to play ball with sb ( = cooperate) coopérer avec qn

• to play the game ( = play fair) jouer le jeu

• to play the field (inf) papillonner

• he gave up playing the field and married a year ago il a cessé de papillonner et s'est marié il y a un an

   b. [+ opponent] rencontrer

• England are playing Scotland on Saturday l'Angleterre rencontre l'Écosse samedi

   c. [+ chess piece, card] jouer

   d. (Theatre) [+ part, play] jouer

• they played it as a comedy ils l'ont joué comme une comédie

• he played the part of Macbeth il a joué le rôle de Macbeth

• to play one's part well bien jouer

• to play a part in sth [person] prendre part à qch ; [quality, object] contribuer à qch

• he played no part in it il n'y était pour rien

• to play it cool (inf) garder son sang-froid

• to play it safe ne prendre aucun risque

   e. (Music) [+ instrument] jouer de ; [+ piece] jouer ; [+ record, CD] passer

• to play the piano jouer du piano

• they were playing Beethoven ils jouaient du Beethoven

   f. ( = direct) [+ hose, searchlight] diriger

3. intransitive verb

   a. jouer

• to play fair (Sport) jouer franc jeu ; (figurative) jouer le jeu

• to play dead faire le mort

► play + preposition

• England is playing against Scotland l'Angleterre joue contre l'Écosse

• what's he playing at? (inf) à quoi il joue ?

• what do you think you're playing at! (inf) qu'est-ce que tu fabriques ? (inf)

• to play for money jouer pour de l'argent

• he plays for Manchester il joue dans l'équipe de Manchester

• to play for time essayer de gagner du temps

• to play in goal jouer dans les buts

• to play into sb's hands faire le jeu de qn

• to play with fire jouer avec le feu

• how much time do we have to play with? (inf) combien de temps avons-nous ?

   b. (Music) [person, organ, orchestra] jouer

• there was music playing il y avait de la musique

4. compounds

► play-by-play adjective [account etc] suivi ; (figurative) circonstancié

► Play-Doh ® noun pâte f à modeler

► play-off noun (after a tie) ≈ match m de barrage (départageant des concurrents à égalité) ; (US) (for championship) match m de qualification

► play on words noun jeu m de mots

► play park noun terrain m de jeu

5. Phrasal Verbs

► play along intransitive verb

• to play along with sb entrer dans le jeu de qn► play around intransitive verb

   a. to play around with an idea retourner une idée dans sa tête

   b. ( = mess about) (inf) faire l'imbécile► play back separable transitive verb

[+ tape] réécouter

► play down separable transitive verb

( = minimize importance of) [+ significance] minimiser ; [+ situation, attitude] dédramatiser

► play off separable transitive verb

• to play off Mum against Dad monter maman contre papa► play on inseparable transitive verb

[+ sb's emotions, good nature] jouer sur

• to play on words jouer sur les mots► play up (inf)

1. intransitive verb

( = give trouble) the engine is playing up le moteur fait des siennes

• the children have been playing up all day les enfants ont été insupportables toute la journée

2. separable transitive verb

   a. ( = give trouble to) his leg is playing him up sa jambe le tracasse

   b. ( = magnify importance of) exagérer (l'importance de)

* * *
[pleɪ] 1.
noun

1) Theatre pièce f ( about sur)

a radio play — une pièce radiophonique

2) (amusement, recreation)

the sound of children at play — le bruit d'enfants en train de jouer

to learn through play — apprendre par le jeu

3) Sport, Games

play starts at 11 — la partie commence à 11 heures

the ball is out of play/in play — la balle est hors jeu/en jeu

there was some fine play from the Danish team — l'équipe danoise a bien joué

4) fig (movement, interaction) jeu m

to come into play — entrer en jeu

it has brought new factors into play — cela a introduit de nouveaux éléments

a play on words — un jeu de mots
2.
transitive verb

1) jouer à [game, match, cards]; jouer [card]

to play a club — jouer du trèfle

to play goal — ( in football) être gardien de but

to play the ball to somebody — ( in basketball) passer la balle à quelqu'un

to play hide and seek — jouer à cache-cache

to play a joke on somebody — jouer un tour à quelqu'un

2) Music jouer de [instrument]; jouer [tune, symphony, chord]

they're playing the jazz club on Saturday — ils jouent au club de jazz samedi

3) ( act out) Theatre interpréter, jouer [role]

4) Audio mettre [tape, video, CD]

play me the record — mets-moi le disque

to play music — écouter de la musique

let me play the tape for you — je vais vous faire entendre la cassette

5) Finance

to play the stock market — boursicoter (colloq)
3.
intransitive verb

1) [children] jouer ( with avec)

2) fig

to play at being an artist — jouer à l'artiste

what does he think he's playing at? — GB (colloq) qu'est-ce qu'il fabrique (colloq)?

3) Sport, Games jouer

do you play? — est-ce que tu sais jouer?

to play fair — jouer franc-jeu

to play into the net — envoyer la balle dans le filet

4) Music [musician, band, orchestra] jouer ( for pour)

to play to large audiences — jouer devant un grand public

5) Cinema, Theatre [play] se jouer; [film] passer; [actor] jouer

she's playing opposite him in ‘Macbeth’ — elle lui donne la réplique dans ‘Macbeth’

6) [fountain, water] couler; Music [record] jouer

I could hear music playing — j'entendais de la musique

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- play along

- play around

- play back

- play down

- play off

- play on

- play out

- play up

- play upon

••

to play for time — essayer de gagner du temps

all work and no play (makes Jack a dull boy) — Prov il n'y a pas que le travail dans la vie

to make great play of something — accorder beaucoup d'importance à quelque chose

English-French dictionary > play
13 approach

ap·proach [əʼprəʊtʃ, Am -ʼproʊ-] vt

1) ( come closer)

to \approach sb/ sth sich akk jdm/etw nähern;

( come towards) auf jdn/etw zukommen;

you can only \approach this area by air dieses Gebiet kann man nur auf dem Luftweg erreichen

2) (of amount, time)

to \approach sth;

the total amount is \approaching $1000 die Gesamtsumme nähert sich der 1000-Dollar-Marke;

my grandfather is \approaching 80 mein Großvater wird bald 80;

it's \approaching lunchtime es geht auf Mittag zu

3) ( of quality)

to \approach sb/ sth an jdn/etw heranreichen;

the service here doesn't even \approach a decent standard der Service hier ist unter allem Standard

4) ( ask)

to \approach sb an jdn herantreten;

she hasn't \approached him about it yet sie hat ihn noch nicht deswegen angesprochen;

to \approach sb for sth jdn um etw akk bitten

5) ( handle)

to \approach sth etw in Angriff nehmen vi sich akk nähern n

1) ( coming) Nähern nt kein pl;

\approach of dusk Einbruch m der Dämmerung;

at the \approach of winter... wenn der Winter naht,...

2) ( preparation to land) [Lande]anflug m

3) ( access) Zugang m;

the southern \approaches to Manchester die südlichen Zufahrtsstraßen nach Manchester;

the \approaches to this island... die Seewege zu dieser Insel...;

\approach road Zufahrtsstraße f

4) ( appeal) Herantreten nt;

to make an \approach to sb an jdn herantreten

5) ( proposal) Vorstoß m;

to make an \approach to sb sich akk an jdn wenden

6) usu pl (dated: sexual advance) Annäherungsversuch m;

to make \approaches to sb bei jdm Annäherungsversuche machen

7) ( methodology) Ansatz m;

8)( fig)

that was the closest \approach to an apology that you'll ever get! mehr als das wirst du als Entschuldigung nie [zu hören] bekommen

English-German students dictionary > approach
14 such

such

A pron

1 ( this) such is life c'est la vie ; she's a good singer and recognized as such c'est une bonne chanteuse et elle est reconnue comme telle ; she's talented and recognized as such elle a du talent et son talent est reconnu ; ⇒ as ;

2 = suchlike.

B det

1 ( of kind previously mentioned) ( replicated) tel/telle ; ( similar) pareil/-eille ; ( of similar sort) de ce type (after n) ; such a situation une telle situation ; such individuals de tels individus ; in such a situation dans une situation pareille ; at such a time dans un moment pareil ; many such proposals de nombreuses propositions de ce type ; and other such arguments et autres arguments de ce type ; all such basic foods tous les aliments de base de ce type ; potatoes, bread and all such basic foods les pommes de terre, le pain et tous les autres aliments de base ; doctors, dentists and all such people les docteurs, les dentistes et toutes les personnes qui exercent ce type de métier ; a mouse or some such animal une souris ou un animal semblable ; he said ‘so what!’ or some such remark il a dit ‘et alors!’ ou quelque chose comme ça ; there was some such case last year il s'est produit la même chose l'année dernière ; there's no such person il/elle n'existe pas ; there was such a man I believe je crois que cet homme a existé ; there's no such thing ça n'existe pas ; I've never heard of such a thing je n'ai jamais entendu parler d'une chose pareille ; I didn't say any such thing je n'ai jamais dit une chose pareille ; you'll do no such thing! il n'en est pas question! ; I 've been waiting for just such an opportunity j'attendais justement que l'occasion se présente ;

2 ( of specific kind) to be such that être tel/telle que ; my hours are such that I usually miss the last train mes horaires sont tels que je rate habituellement le dernier train ; his movements were such as to arouse suspicion il se conduisait de telle façon qu'il éveillait les soupçons ; in such a way that d'une telle façon que ;

3 ( any possible) such money as I have le peu d'argent or tout l'argent que j'ai ; until such time as jusqu'à ce que (+ subj) ;

4 ( so great) tel/telle ; there was such carnage! il y avait un tel carnage! ; to be having such problems avoir de tels problèmes ; such was his admiration/anger that son admiration/sa colère était telle que ; his fear was such that il avait tellement peur que ; to be in such despair/in such a rage être tellement désespéré/dans une telle colère ;

5 iron (of such small worth, quantity) you can borrow my boots such as they are ces bottes ne sont pas géniales ○ mais tu peux les emprunter ; we picked up the apples such as there were nous avons ramassé les rares pommes qu'il y avait par terre.

C such as det phr, conj phr comme, tel/telle que ; such a house as this, a house such as this une maison comme celle-ci ; it was on just such a night as this that c'est par une nuit exactement comme celle-ci que ; such cities as or cities such as Manchester and Birmingham des villes telles que or comme Manchester et Birmingham ; a person such as her une personne comme elle ; such as? ( as response) gen quoi par exemple? ; ( referring to person) qui par exemple? ; there are no such things as giants les géants n'existent pas ; have you such a thing as a screwdriver? auriez-vous un tournevis par hasard? ; inflation such as occurred last year l'inflation telle qu'elle s'est manifestée l'année dernière.

D adv

1 ( to a great degree) ( with adjectives) si, tellement ; ( with nouns) tel/telle ; in such a persuasive way d'une façon si convaincante ; such a nice boy! un garçon si gentil!, un si gentil garçon! ; such excellent meals de si bons plats ; such good quality as this une telle qualité ; I hadn't seen such a good film for years je n'avais pas vu un aussi bon film depuis des années ; don't be such an idiot ne sois pas si stupide ; she's not such an idiot as she seems elle n'est pas aussi stupide que l'on croit ; only such an idiot (as him) would do il n'y a qu' un imbécile (comme lui) qui ferait ; it was such (a lot of) fun on s'est tellement amusé ; such a lot of problems tant de problèmes ; (ever ○ ) such a lot of people beaucoup de gens ; thanks ever such a lot ○ merci mille fois.

Big English-French dictionary > such
15 Smalley, John

SUBJECT AREA: Textiles

[br]

b. c. 1729 England

d. 28 January 1782 Holywell, Wales.

[br]

English helped Arkwright to build and finance the waterframe.

[br]

John Smalley of Preston was the second son of John, a chapman of Blackburn. He was a distant relative of Richard Arkwright through marrying, in 1751, Elizabeth Baxter, whose mother Ellen was the widow of Arkwright's uncle, Richard. In the Preston Guild Rolls of 1762 he was described as a grocer and painter, and he was also Landlord of the Bull Inn. The following year he became a bailiff of Preston and in 1765 he became a Corporation steward. On 14 May 1768 Arkwright, Smalley and David Thornley became partners in a cotton-spinning venture in Nottingham. They agreed to apply for a patent for Arkwright's invention of spinning by rollers, and Smalley signed as a witness. It is said that Smalley provided much of the capital for this new venture as he sold his business at Preston for about £1,600, but this was soon found to be insufficient and the partnership had to be enlarged to include Samuel Need and Jedediah Strutt.

Smalley may have helped to establish the spinning mill at Nottingham, but by 28 February 1771 he was back in Preston, for on that day he was chosen a "Councilman in the room of Mr. Thomas Jackson deceased" (Fitton 1989:38). He attended meetings for over a year, but either in 1772 or the following year he sold the Bull Inn, and certainly by August 1774 the Smalleys were living in Cromford, where he became Manager of the mill. He soon found himself at logger-heads with Arkwright; however, Strutt was able to smooth the dispute over for a while. Things came to a head in January 1777 when Arkwright was determined to get rid of Smalley, and the three remaining partners agreed to buy out Smalley's share for the sum of £10,751.

Although he had agreed not to set up any textile machinery, Smalley moved to Holywell in North Wales, where in the spring of 1777 he built a cotton-spinning mill in the Greenfield valley. He prospered there and his son was later to build two more mills in the same valley. Smalley used to go to Wrexham to sell his yarn, and there met John Peers, a leather merchant, who was able to provide a better quality leather for covering the drawing rollers which came to be used in Lancashire. Smalley died in 1782, shortly before Arkwright could sue him for infringement of his patents.

[br]

Further Reading

R.S.Fitton, 1989, The Arkwrights, Spinners of Fortune, Manchester (draws together the fullest details of John Smalley).

R.L.Hills, 1969, Power in the Industrial Revolution, Manchester (includes details of the agreement with Arkwright).

A.H.Dodd, 1971, The Industrial Revolution in North Wales, Cardiff; E.J.Foulkes, 1964, "The cotton spinning factories of Flintshire, 1777–1866", Flintshire Historical Society

Journal 21 (provide more information about his cotton mill at Holywell).

RLH

Biographical history of technology > Smalley, John
16 Whitworth, Sir Joseph

SUBJECT AREA: Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering, Metallurgy, Weapons and armour

[br]

b. 21 December 1803 Stockport, Cheshire, England

d. 22 January 1887 Monte Carlo, Monaco

[br]

English mechanical engineer and pioneer of precision measurement.

[br]

Joseph Whitworth received his early education in a school kept by his father, but from the age of 12 he attended a school near Leeds. At 14 he joined his uncle's mill near Ambergate, Derbyshire, to learn the business of cotton spinning. In the four years he spent there he realized that he was more interested in the machinery than in managing a cotton mill. In 1821 he obtained employment as a mechanic with Crighton \& Co., Manchester. In 1825 he moved to London and worked for Henry Maudslay and later for the Holtzapffels and Joseph Clement. After these years spent gaining experience, he returned to Manchester in 1833 and set up in a small workshop under a sign "Joseph Whitworth, Tool Maker, from London".

The business expanded steadily and the firm made machine tools of all types and other engineering products including steam engines. From 1834 Whitworth obtained many patents in the fields of machine tools, textile and knitting machinery and road-sweeping machines. By 1851 the company was generally regarded as the leading manufacturer of machine tools in the country. Whitworth was a pioneer of precise measurement and demonstrated the fundamental mode of producing a true plane by making surface plates in sets of three. He advocated the use of the decimal system and made use of limit gauges, and he established a standard screw thread which was adopted as the national standard. In 1853 Whitworth visited America as a member of a Royal Commission and reported on American industry. At the time of the Crimean War in 1854 he was asked to provide machinery for manufacturing rifles and this led him to design an improved rifle of his own. Although tests in 1857 showed this to be much superior to all others, it was not adopted by the War Office. Whitworth's experiments with small arms led on to the construction of big guns and projectiles. To improve the quality of the steel used for these guns, he subjected the molten metal to pressure during its solidification, this fluid-compressed steel being then known as "Whitworth steel".

In 1868 Whitworth established thirty annual scholarships for engineering students. After his death his executors permanently endowed the Whitworth Scholarships and distributed his estate of nearly half a million pounds to various educational and charitable institutions. Whitworth was elected an Associate of the Institution of Civil Engineers in 1841 and a Member in 1848 and served on its Council for many years. He was elected a Member of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers in 1847, the year of its foundation.

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

Baronet 1869. FRS 1857. President, Institution of Mechanical Engineers 1856, 1857 and 1866. Hon. LLD Trinity College, Dublin, 1863. Hon. DCL Oxford University 1868. Member of the Smeatonian Society of Civil Engineers 1864. Légion d'honneur 1868. Society of Arts Albert Medal 1868.

Bibliography

1858, Miscellaneous Papers on Mechanical Subjects, London; 1873, Miscellaneous Papers on Practical Subjects: Guns and Steel, London (both are collections of his papers to technical societies).

1854, with G.Wallis, The Industry of the United States in Machinery, Manufactures, and

Useful and Ornamental Arts, London.

Further Reading

F.C.Lea, 1946, A Pioneer of Mechanical Engineering: Sir Joseph Whitworth, London (a short biographical account).

A.E.Musson, 1963, "Joseph Whitworth: toolmaker and manufacturer", Engineering Heritage, Vol. 1, London, 124–9 (a short biography).

D.J.Jeremy (ed.), 1984–6, Dictionary of Business Biography, Vol. 5, London, 797–802 (a short biography).

W.Steeds, 1969, A History of Machine Tools 1700–1910, Oxford (describes Whitworth's machine tools).

RTS

Biographical history of technology > Whitworth, Sir Joseph
17 Woodbury, Walter Bentley

SUBJECT AREA: Photography, film and optics

[br]

b. 1834 Manchester, England

d. 1885 Margate, Kent, England

[br]

English photographer, inventor of the Woodburytype process.

[br]

Having been apprenticed to be an engineer, Woodbury left England in 1851 to seek his fortune in the Australian gold-fields. Like many others, he failed, and after a series of transient jobs found a post as Draughtsman at the Melbourne Waterworks. He then went on to Java, where he practised wet-collodion photography before returning to England finally in 1863. Woodbury settled in Birmingham, where like most contemporary photographers he was concerned to find a solution to the troublesome problem of fading prints. He began working the carbon process, and in 1866 and 1867 took out a series of patents which were to lead to the development of the process that took his name. Woodburytypes were continuous-tone prints of high quality that could be mass produced more cheaply than the traditional silver print. This was an important innovation and Woodburytypes were extensively used for quality book illustrations until the introduction of more versatile photomechanical processes in the 1890s. In all, Woodbury took out twenty patents between 1864 and 1884, some relating to a wide range of photographic devices. He was still working to simplify the Woodburytype process when he died from an overdose of laudanum.

[br]

Bibliography

Woodbury took out a series of patents on his process, the most significant being: 23 September 1864, British patent no. 2,338; 12 January 1866, British patent no. 105; 11 February 1866, British patent no. 505; 8 May 1866, British patent no. 1,315; 24 July 1866, British patent no. 1,918.

Further Reading

G.Tissandier, 1876, A History and Handbook of Photography, trans. J.Thomson.

B.E.Jones (ed.), 1911, Cassell's Cyclopaedia of Photography, London (a brief biography).

J.M.Eder, 1945, History of Photography, trans. E. Epstean, New York.

JW

Biographical history of technology > Woodbury, Walter Bentley
18 goods

1) товар, товары; изделия

2) груз; багаж

- goods and chattels

- goods en route

- goods in bond

- goods in process

- goods in transit

- goods made on commission

- goods on hand

- goods on the hangers

- goods short delivered

- goods sold

- goods taxable

- press goods upon:

- send goods on approval

- turn out goods

- goods were allotted to the highest bidder

- goods of foreign origin

- abundant goods

- accumulable goods

- ascertained goods

- assorted goods

- back-to-school goods

- capital goods

- civilian goods

- complementary goods

- consumer goods

- consumption goods

- convenience goods

- current consumer goods

- damaging goods

- day-to-day goods

- defense goods

- drawback goods

- dry goods

- dumped goods

- durable goods

- durable consumer goods

- duty-free goods

- engineering-and-electrical goods

- express goods

- fabricated goods

- factored goods

- fancy goods

- fast-moving goods

- faulty goods

- finished consumer goods

- first order goods

- Giffen goods

- half-finished goods

- hard goods

- higher order goods

- home goods

- home-made goods

- household goods

- industrial goods

- inferior goods

- input goods

- investment goods

- joint-cost goods

- knit goods

- large-scale goods

- long-lived goods

- low-price special goods

- luxury goods

- Manchester goods

- manufactured goods

- measurement goods

- merchanted goods

- merit goods

- metal goods

- military goods

- nondurable goods

- nondurable consumer goods

- nonstrategic goods

- output goods

- over-priced goods

- perishable goods

- piece goods

- prepackaged goods

- price maintained goods

- private goods

- producer durable goods

- producers' goods

- production goods

- public goods

- quality goods

- reproducible goods

- scarce goods

- second-hand goods

- semidurable goods

- semifinished goods

- semimanufactured goods

- shopping goods

- slow-moving goods

- smuggled goods

- soft goods

- specialty goods

- spoiled goods

- spot goods

- standardized goods

- store goods

- strategic goods

- style-and-fashion goods

- substitute goods

- substitutional goods

- unclaimed goods

- undurable goods

- unfinished goods

- wage goods

- white goods

Англо-русский словарь по экономике и финансам > goods
19 goods

n ком. товар, товари; виріб, вироби; річ; благо, блага; a товарний

продукти чи послуги, спрямовані на задоволення тих чи ін. потреб суспільства, які можна купити або продати

═════════■═════════

acceptable goods прийнятний товар; advertised goods рекламований товар; agricultural goods сільськогосподарські товари; assorted goods підібрані товари • сортовані товари; auction goods аукціонний товар; barter goods бартерний товар; basic goods основні товари; branded goods марочні вироби • марочні товари; brown goodss: аудіо- та відео-товари; bulk goods гуртовий товар; canned goods консервовані товари; capital goods; choice goods добірний товар; competing goods конкуруючі товари; competitive goods конкурентні товари; competitively priced goods конкурентні товари; complementary goods доповнюванні товари; consignment goods консигнаційний товар; consumer goods; contingent goods випадковий товар • не передбачений заздалегідь товар; convenience goods товари повсякденного попиту; cotton goods бавовняні товари; custom made goods товар, виготовлений на замовлення; cut-price goods товар за зниженою ціною; defective goods пошкоджені товари • дефектний товар; delivered goods доставлений товар; dispatched goods відвантажений товар; dry goods сухий товар; durable goods товари тривалого вжитку • товари довгострокового користування; duty-free goods безмитні товари; electrical goods електричні товари; eligible goods прийнятий товар; essential goods необхідні товари • обов'язкові товари; exchangeable goods товари, які підлягають обміну; expired goods прострочений товар; export goods експортні товари; exported goods експортовані товари; factored goods комісійні товари; fancy goods модні товари • вишукані товари; fashion goods модні високоякісні товари; fast-moving goods ходові товари • збутовий товар • товар, що має попит; faulty goods пошкоджений товар • дефектний товар; finished goods готовий виріб; first class goods першорядний виріб; fixed price goods товари, які продаються за твердою роздрібною ціною; foreign goods закордонні товари; foreign-made goods закордонні товари; fragile goods ламкі товари • крихкі товари; frozen goods заморожений товар; future goods товари, куплені завчасно; generic goods немарочні товари; hard goods товари тривалого вжитку; hazardous goods небезпечні вироби; high-grade goods високосортні товари; homemade goods товари домашнього виготовлення; household goods господарські товари; import goods імпортні товари; imported goods імпортовані товари; incoming goods наступний товар; industrial goods промислові товари; inferior goods товари низької споживчої цінності; inflammable goods займистий товар • вогненебезпечний товар; insured goods застрахований товар; intermediate goods проміжні товари • напівфабрикати; knitted goods трикотажні вироби; large-scale goods товари масового споживання; low-grade goods низькосортний товар; luxury goods товари розкоші • предмети розкоші; manchester goods білизна; manufactured goods виготовлений товар; marked goods товар, знижений у ціні; marketable goods товар, що має попит; miscellaneous goods різноманітний товар; new goods новий товар; non-durable goods товар короткочасного користування • товар короткотривалого споживання • товар короткочасного вжитку; noncompetitive goods неконкурентоспроможні товари; nonhazardous goods безпечні вироби; non-refundable goods товар, що не підлягає поверненню і компенсації; nonrival goods неконкурентний товар; non-traded goods товари для внутрішнього користування; normal goods нормальне благо; ordered goods замовлений товар; packaged goods упакований товар; patent goods патентовані товари; perishable goods швидкопсувний товар • товар, який швидко псується; piece goods штучний товар • тканина в кусках; pledged goods заставлений товар; prepackaged goods фасований товар; primary goods сировинні товари; processed goods готовий виріб; proprietary goods фірмовий товар • марочні товари; quality goods високоякісний товар; refrigerated goods охолоджені товари; rejected goods забракований товар; repaired goods відремонтований товар; replaceable goods обмінюваний товар • обмінний товар; replaced goods замінений товар; retail goods роздрібні товари; returnable goods товари, які можна повернути; sale goods розпродажні товари; seasonal goods сезонні товари; secondhand goods уживаний товар; secondrate goods другосортні товари; selected goods добірний товар; semidurable goods товари з обмеженим терміном користування; serially produced goods товари серійного виробництва; shipped goods відвантажений товар; soft goods текстильні товари • товари короткочасного користування; sold goods проданий товар; specialty goods товари особливого попиту; spoiled goods зіпсований товар; spot goods товари в наявності; standardized goods стандартні товари; staple goods основні товари; store goods магазинні товари; style-and-fashion goods модні товари; substandard goods недоброякісні товари; substitute goods товари-замінники; superior goods товар високої споживчої цінності; surplus • товарний надлишок; taxable goods товари, оподатковувані митом; textile goods текстильні товари; trademarked goods марочні товари • фірмові товари; transit goods транзитні товари; unmarketable goods товар, не придатний для торгівлі; unshipped goods невідвантажений товар; unsold goods непроданий товар; unwrapped goods неупакований товар; white goods полотняні товари

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cost of goods sold собівартість реалізованих товарів; exchange of goods товарообмін; goods and services товари і послуги; goods en route товари в дорозі; goods for immediate delivery товар з негайною здачею; goods from stock товар зі складу; goods held in trust зберігати товар за дорученням; goods in process незавершене виробництво • товар в процесі виробництва; goods in stock товарні запаси; goods in transit товари в дорозі • відвантажений товар; goods of equal value рівноцінні товари; goods on approval товар для схвалення; goods on consignment товари на консигнацію; goods on hand наявний товар; goods short delivered нестача товару при доставці • недопостачання; goods train товарний поїзд • вантажний поїзд; goods vehicle товарний екіпаж • товарний засіб пересування; goods wagon товарний вагон; goods warehouse товарний склад; shortage of goods нестача товарів • дефіцит товарів; surplus of goods товарний надлишок; to advertise goods рекламувати товар; to buy goods купувати/купити товар; to carry goods перевозити/перевезти товар; to clear goods звільняти/звільнити товар від мита; to collect goods забирати/забрати товар; to consign goods посилати/послати товар на консигнацію; to deliver goods постачати/постачити товар; to dispose of goods збувати/збути товар; to distribute goods розподіляти/розподілити товар; to exchange goods обмінювати/обміняти товари; to exhibit goods виставляти/виставити товари; to export goods експортувати товари • вивозити/вивезти товари; to feature goods виставляти/виставити товари; to have goods on trial апробовувати товар • ухвалювати/ухвалити товар; to import goods імпортувати товар • ввозити/ввезти товар; to insure goods застраховувати/застрахувати товар; to introduce goods (on the market) впроваджувати/впровадити товар; to invoice goods виписувати/виписати рахунок-фактуру на товар; to keep goods in stock тримати товар на складі; to load goods навантажувати/навантажити товар; to manufacture goods виготовляти/виготовити товар; to mark goods позначити товар; to mortgage goods заставляти/заставити товар; to obtain goods одержувати/одержати товар • отримувати/отримати товар; to offer goods пропонувати/запропонувати товар; to order goods замовляти/замовити товар; to pack goods упаковувати/упакувати товар; to pay for goods оплачувати/оплатити товар; to price goods визначати/визначити ціну товару; to produce goods виготовляти/виготовити товар; to provide goods постачати/постачити товар; to purchase goods купувати/ купити товар; to push goods рекламувати товар; to recall goods відкликати/відкликати товар; to reject goods відмовлятися від товару; to resell goods перепродувати/перепродати товар; to return goods повертати/повернути товар; to secure goods оберігати/оберегти товар • забезпечувати/забезпечити товар; to sell goods продавати/продати товар; to sell goods retail • продавати/продати товар вроздріб; to sell goods wholesale продавати/продати товар гуртом; to sell out goods розпродувати/розпродати товар; to send goods on approval посилати/послати товар для схвалення; to ship goods відвантажувати/відвантажити товар; to stock goods утримувати товар на складі • тримати товар на складі; to supply goods постачати/постачити товар; to trace goods стежити за рухом товару; to trade in goods торгувати товаром; to transfer goods перевантажувати товар; to turn out goods випускати/випустити товар; to unload goods вивантажувати/вивантажити товар; to value goods оцінювати/оцінити товар; to warehouse goods поміщати/помістити товар на склад; to withdraw goods from the market знімати/зняти товар з продажу на ринку; transport of goods перевіз товарів • транспорт товарів; transporting of goods перевезення товарів; unloading of goods розвантаження товарів

The English-Ukrainian Dictionary > goods
20 The Guardian

['gɑːdjən]
"Га́рдиан" (ежедневная газета либерального направления; тир. ок. 430 тыс. экз. Основана в 1821; с 1961 выходит одновременно в Манчестере и Лондоне; см. тж. Manchester Guardian, quality paper)

English-Russian Great Britain dictionary (Великобритания. Лингвострановедческий словарь) > The Guardian

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Quality Manchester

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Quality Manchester

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